{"id":35851,"date":"2026-02-15T20:54:24","date_gmt":"2026-02-15T13:54:24","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/cmctiles.vn\/?p=35851"},"modified":"2026-02-24T11:23:03","modified_gmt":"2026-02-24T04:23:03","slug":"gach-chong-tron-la-gi-cach-nhan-biet","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/cmctiles.vn\/en\/blog\/gach-chong-tron-la-gi-cach-nhan-biet.html","title":{"rendered":"G\u1ea1ch ch\u1ed1ng tr\u01a1n l\u00e0 g\u00ec? C\u00e1ch nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft v\u00e0 ch\u1ecdn \u0111\u00fang cho t\u1eebng khu v\u1ef1c"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Trong thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v\u00e0 ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i, y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 <strong>an to\u00e0n \u2013 b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng \u2013 th\u1ea9m m\u1ef9<\/strong> lu\u00f4n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t l\u00ean h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u. \u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc, \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m cao ho\u1eb7c m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng ngo\u00e0i tr\u1eddi nh\u01b0 nh\u00e0 t\u1eafm, nh\u00e0 v\u1ec7 sinh, ban c\u00f4ng, s\u00e2n th\u01b0\u1ee3ng, h\u1ed3 b\u01a1i\u2026, vi\u1ec7c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn <strong>g\u1ea1ch ch\u1ed1ng tr\u01a1n<\/strong> \u0111\u00fang ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n l\u00e0 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh l\u00e2u d\u00e0i.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_35897\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-35897\" style=\"width: 1609px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-35897\" src=\"https:\/\/cmctiles.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/Screenshot-2026-02-24-100808.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"1609\" height=\"1619\" title=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/cmctiles.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/Screenshot-2026-02-24-100808.png 920w, https:\/\/cmctiles.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/Screenshot-2026-02-24-100808-298x300.png 298w, https:\/\/cmctiles.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/Screenshot-2026-02-24-100808-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/cmctiles.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/Screenshot-2026-02-24-100808-768x773.png 768w, https:\/\/cmctiles.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/Screenshot-2026-02-24-100808-12x12.png 12w, https:\/\/cmctiles.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/Screenshot-2026-02-24-100808-500x503.png 500w, https:\/\/cmctiles.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/Screenshot-2026-02-24-100808-100x100.png 100w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1609px) 100vw, 1609px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-35897\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Vi\u1ec7c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn g\u1ea1ch ch\u1ed1ng tr\u01a1n \u0111\u00fang ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n l\u00e0 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh l\u00e2u d\u00e0i<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Tuy nhi\u00ean, th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf cho th\u1ea5y r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u Qu\u00fd Anh Ch\u1ecb v\u1eabn c\u00f2n hi\u1ec3u ch\u01b0a \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 v\u1ec1 g\u1ea1ch ch\u1ed1ng tr\u01a1n, nh\u1ea7m l\u1eabn gi\u1eefa \u201cg\u1ea1ch nh\u00e1m\u201d v\u00e0 \u201cg\u1ea1ch ch\u1ed1ng tr\u01b0\u1ee3t \u0111\u1ea1t chu\u1ea9n\u201d, ho\u1eb7c ch\u1ecdn sai lo\u1ea1i cho t\u1eebng khu v\u1ef1c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng.<\/p>\n<h2>1. G\u1ea1ch ch\u1ed1ng tr\u01a1n l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/h2>\n<h3>1.1. \u0110\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c v\u1ec1 g\u1ea1ch ch\u1ed1ng tr\u01a1n<\/h3>\n<figure id=\"attachment_35842\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-35842\" style=\"width: 1595px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-35842\" src=\"https:\/\/cmctiles.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/nha-tam-bi-thoat-nuoc-kem-a61f8609-a202-413f-a74d-334186d5d556.webp\" alt=\"\" width=\"1595\" height=\"1196\" title=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/cmctiles.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/nha-tam-bi-thoat-nuoc-kem-a61f8609-a202-413f-a74d-334186d5d556.webp 800w, https:\/\/cmctiles.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/nha-tam-bi-thoat-nuoc-kem-a61f8609-a202-413f-a74d-334186d5d556-300x225.webp 300w, https:\/\/cmctiles.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/nha-tam-bi-thoat-nuoc-kem-a61f8609-a202-413f-a74d-334186d5d556-768x576.webp 768w, https:\/\/cmctiles.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/nha-tam-bi-thoat-nuoc-kem-a61f8609-a202-413f-a74d-334186d5d556-16x12.webp 16w, https:\/\/cmctiles.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/nha-tam-bi-thoat-nuoc-kem-a61f8609-a202-413f-a74d-334186d5d556-500x375.webp 500w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1595px) 100vw, 1595px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-35842\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">G\u1ea1ch ch\u1ed1ng tr\u01a1n l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><strong>G\u1ea1ch ch\u1ed1ng tr\u01a1n<\/strong> l\u00e0\u00a0lo\u1ea1i g\u1ea1ch l\u00e1t s\u00e0n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v\u00e0 x\u1eed l\u00fd b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t b\u1eb1ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 chuy\u00ean bi\u1ec7t nh\u1eb1m gia t\u0103ng h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 ma s\u00e1t (Coefficient of Friction \u2013 COF) gi\u1eefa b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t g\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 b\u00e0n ch\u00e2n (ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ebf gi\u00e0y), t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf t\u1ed1i \u0111a hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng tr\u01b0\u1ee3t ng\u00e3 khi s\u00e0n c\u00f3 n\u01b0\u1edbc, d\u1ea7u m\u1ee1 ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m cao.<\/p>\n<p>Hi\u1ec3u m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt h\u01a1n, kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng tr\u01b0\u1ee3t c\u1ee7a g\u1ea1ch kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c \u201cnh\u00ecn c\u00f3 nh\u00e1m hay kh\u00f4ng\u201d, m\u00e0 ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac vi m\u00f4 c\u1ee7a l\u1edbp men<\/li>\n<li>\u0110\u1ed9 nh\u00e1m b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111o b\u1eb1ng ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n R (DIN 51130)<\/li>\n<li>H\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 ma s\u00e1t \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 ma s\u00e1t t\u0129nh<\/li>\n<li>\u0110\u1ed9 h\u00fat n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 x\u01b0\u01a1ng g\u1ea1ch<\/li>\n<li>Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng tho\u00e1t n\u01b0\u1edbc b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a: <strong>kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i m\u1ecdi lo\u1ea1i g\u1ea1ch nh\u00e1m \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 g\u1ea1ch ch\u1ed1ng tr\u01a1n \u0111\u1ea1t chu\u1ea9n.<\/strong><\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_35899\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-35899\" style=\"width: 1617px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-35899\" src=\"https:\/\/cmctiles.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/Screenshot-2026-02-24-100835.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"1617\" height=\"1371\" title=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/cmctiles.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/Screenshot-2026-02-24-100835.png 1088w, https:\/\/cmctiles.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/Screenshot-2026-02-24-100835-300x254.png 300w, https:\/\/cmctiles.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/Screenshot-2026-02-24-100835-1024x868.png 1024w, https:\/\/cmctiles.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/Screenshot-2026-02-24-100835-768x651.png 768w, https:\/\/cmctiles.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/Screenshot-2026-02-24-100835-14x12.png 14w, https:\/\/cmctiles.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/Screenshot-2026-02-24-100835-500x424.png 500w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1617px) 100vw, 1617px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-35899\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng tr\u01b0\u1ee3t c\u1ee7a g\u1ea1ch kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c \u201cnh\u00ecn c\u00f3 nh\u00e1m hay kh\u00f4ng\u201d<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h4>1.1.1. B\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t v\u1eadt l\u00fd c\u1ee7a kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng tr\u01a1n<\/h4>\n<figure id=\"attachment_35896\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-35896\" style=\"width: 1612px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-35896\" src=\"https:\/\/cmctiles.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/Screenshot-2026-02-24-100802.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"1612\" height=\"1502\" title=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/cmctiles.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/Screenshot-2026-02-24-100802.png 986w, https:\/\/cmctiles.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/Screenshot-2026-02-24-100802-300x280.png 300w, https:\/\/cmctiles.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/Screenshot-2026-02-24-100802-768x716.png 768w, https:\/\/cmctiles.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/Screenshot-2026-02-24-100802-13x12.png 13w, https:\/\/cmctiles.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/Screenshot-2026-02-24-100802-500x466.png 500w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1612px) 100vw, 1612px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-35896\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">G\u1ea1ch ch\u1ed1ng tr\u01a1n 300x300mm CMC &#8211; PCM33013S6<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng tr\u01b0\u1ee3t x\u1ea3y ra khi l\u1ef1c ma s\u00e1t gi\u1eefa ch\u00e2n v\u00e0 b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t s\u00e0n nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n l\u1ef1c t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng theo ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ngang (khi b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111i).<\/p>\n<p>G\u1ea1ch ch\u1ed1ng tr\u01a1n ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean 2 nguy\u00ean l\u00fd v\u1eadt l\u00fd ch\u00ednh:<\/p>\n<h4>1. T\u0103ng ma s\u00e1t c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc (Mechanical Friction)<\/h4>\n<p>B\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o c\u00e1c vi c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac nh\u00e1m ho\u1eb7c h\u1ea1t n\u1ed5i gi\u00fap:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>T\u0103ng di\u1ec7n t\u00edch ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf<\/li>\n<li>T\u1ea1o c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec3m \u201cneo b\u00e1m\u201d<\/li>\n<li>H\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf tr\u01b0\u1ee3t khi c\u00f3 n\u01b0\u1edbc<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>2. Gi\u1ea3m hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng m\u00e0ng n\u01b0\u1edbc (Hydroplaning Effect)<\/h4>\n<p>\u1ede g\u1ea1ch b\u00f3ng k\u00ednh, khi c\u00f3 n\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1ebd h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t l\u1edbp m\u00e0ng m\u1ecfng khi\u1ebfn ch\u00e2n d\u1ec5 tr\u01b0\u1ee3t gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 xe tr\u01b0\u1ee3t tr\u00ean m\u1eb7t \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u01b0\u1edbt.<\/p>\n<p>G\u1ea1ch ch\u1ed1ng tr\u01a1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Ph\u00e1 v\u1ee1 l\u1edbp m\u00e0ng n\u01b0\u1edbc<\/li>\n<li>T\u1ea1o r\u00e3nh tho\u00e1t n\u01b0\u1edbc si\u00eau nh\u1ecf<\/li>\n<li>Duy tr\u00ec ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp gi\u1eefa ch\u00e2n v\u00e0 b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>1.1.2. C\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 x\u1eed l\u00fd b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t g\u1ea1ch ch\u1ed1ng tr\u01a1n<\/h4>\n<p>Kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi g\u1ea1ch men b\u00f3ng th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng, g\u1ea1ch ch\u1ed1ng tr\u01a1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1eed l\u00fd b\u1eb1ng nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfn trong ng\u00e0nh v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng:<\/p>\n<h4>\u00a01. T\u1ea1o b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t nh\u00e1m vi m\u00f4 (Micro-textured Surface)<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt in ho\u1eb7c \u00e9p t\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u00e1m c\u1ef1c nh\u1ecf<\/li>\n<li>\u0110\u1ed9 nh\u00e1m kh\u00f4ng nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y r\u00f5 b\u1eb1ng m\u1eaft th\u01b0\u1eddng<\/li>\n<li>Gi\u1eef \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ea9m m\u1ef9 cao nh\u01b0ng v\u1eabn ch\u1ed1ng tr\u01b0\u1ee3t<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p: Nh\u00e0 t\u1eafm, nh\u00e0 v\u1ec7 sinh, n\u1ed9i th\u1ea5t cao c\u1ea5p.<\/p>\n<h4>\u00a02. T\u1ea1o c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac h\u1ea1t n\u1ed5i (Granular Surface \/ Sugar Effect)<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>L\u1edbp men ch\u1ee9a h\u1ea1t kho\u00e1ng li ti<\/li>\n<li>T\u1ea1o c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c \u201ch\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng\u201d<\/li>\n<li>T\u0103ng ma s\u00e1t khi c\u00f3 n\u01b0\u1edbc<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p: Ban c\u00f4ng, s\u00e2n th\u01b0\u1ee3ng.<\/p>\n<h4>\u00a03. Ph\u1ee7 men matt (Matte Finish)<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>B\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t m\u1edd, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3n chi\u1ebfu \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng<\/li>\n<li>\u00cdt t\u1ea1o m\u00e0ng n\u01b0\u1edbc<\/li>\n<li>Ma s\u00e1t cao h\u01a1n g\u1ea1ch b\u00f3ng<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 d\u1ea1ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n nay.<\/p>\n<h4>\u00a04. C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 carving (kh\u1eafc ch\u00ecm \u2013 kh\u1eafc n\u1ed5i)<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>T\u1ea1o v\u00e2n l\u00f5m ho\u1eb7c n\u1ed5i theo h\u1ecda ti\u1ebft \u0111\u00e1, xi m\u0103ng, g\u1ed7<\/li>\n<li>V\u1eeba t\u0103ng t\u00ednh th\u1ea9m m\u1ef9 v\u1eeba t\u0103ng ma s\u00e1t<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>\u00a05. C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 Micro-Rough Surface (nh\u00e1m vi c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac)<\/h4>\n<p>\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n nay:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>T\u1ea1o h\u00e0ng ngh\u00ecn \u0111i\u1ec3m ma s\u00e1t si\u00eau nh\u1ecf tr\u00ean m\u1ed7i cm\u00b2<\/li>\n<li>Khi kh\u00f4: c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c m\u1ecbn<\/li>\n<li>Khi \u01b0\u1edbt: t\u0103ng ma s\u00e1t m\u1ea1nh<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u01afu \u0111i\u1ec3m l\u1edbn:<br \/>\n\u2714 Kh\u00f4ng g\u00e2y \u0111au ch\u00e2n<br \/>\n\u2714 Kh\u00f4ng kh\u00f3 v\u1ec7 sinh<br \/>\n\u2714 An to\u00e0n c\u1ea3 khi c\u00f3 x\u00e0 ph\u00f2ng<\/p>\n<h4>1.1.3. S\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa \u201cg\u1ea1ch nh\u00e1m\u201d v\u00e0 \u201cg\u1ea1ch ch\u1ed1ng tr\u01a1n \u0111\u1ea1t chu\u1ea9n\u201d<\/h4>\n<figure id=\"attachment_35895\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-35895\" style=\"width: 1641px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-35895\" src=\"https:\/\/cmctiles.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/Screenshot-2026-02-24-100748.png\" alt=\"G\u1ea1ch ch\u1ed1ng tr\u01a1n\" width=\"1641\" height=\"1366\" title=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/cmctiles.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/Screenshot-2026-02-24-100748.png 1104w, https:\/\/cmctiles.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/Screenshot-2026-02-24-100748-300x250.png 300w, https:\/\/cmctiles.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/Screenshot-2026-02-24-100748-1024x852.png 1024w, https:\/\/cmctiles.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/Screenshot-2026-02-24-100748-768x639.png 768w, https:\/\/cmctiles.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/Screenshot-2026-02-24-100748-14x12.png 14w, https:\/\/cmctiles.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/Screenshot-2026-02-24-100748-500x416.png 500w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1641px) 100vw, 1641px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-35895\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">S\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa \u201cg\u1ea1ch nh\u00e1m\u201d v\u00e0 \u201cg\u1ea1ch ch\u1ed1ng tr\u01a1n \u0111\u1ea1t chu\u1ea9n\u201d?<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Nhi\u1ec1u Qu\u00fd Anh Ch\u1ecb th\u01b0\u1eddng ngh\u0129: G\u1ea1ch c\u00e0ng nh\u00e1m th\u00ec c\u00e0ng ch\u1ed1ng tr\u01a1n.<\/p>\n<p>Th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf kh\u00f4ng ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n \u0111\u00fang.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>Ti\u00eau ch\u00ed<\/th>\n<th>G\u1ea1ch nh\u00e1m th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng<\/th>\n<th>G\u1ea1ch ch\u1ed1ng tr\u01a1n \u0111\u1ea1t chu\u1ea9n<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>C\u00f3 th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 R<\/td>\n<td>Kh\u00f4ng r\u00f5<\/td>\n<td>C\u00f3 R10, R11, R12<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>C\u00f3 ki\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ecbnh COF<\/td>\n<td>Kh\u00f4ng<\/td>\n<td>C\u00f3<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0110\u1ed9 h\u00fat n\u01b0\u1edbc<\/td>\n<td>C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 cao<\/td>\n<td>Th\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ea5p<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>T\u00ednh to\u00e1n vi c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac<\/td>\n<td>Kh\u00f4ng<\/td>\n<td>C\u00f3<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0110\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n l\u00e2u d\u00e0i<\/td>\n<td>Trung b\u00ecnh<\/td>\n<td>Cao<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>M\u1ed9t vi\u00ean g\u1ea1ch ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 <strong>g\u1ea1ch ch\u1ed1ng tr\u01a1n \u0111\u00fang ngh\u0129a<\/strong> khi:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>C\u00f3 ch\u1ee9ng nh\u1eadn ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt<\/li>\n<li>\u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m tra theo ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m<\/li>\n<li>C\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 ch\u1ed1ng tr\u01b0\u1ee3t c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>1.1.4. M\u1ee5c ti\u00eau ch\u00ednh khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng g\u1ea1ch ch\u1ed1ng tr\u01a1n<\/h4>\n<figure id=\"attachment_35893\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-35893\" style=\"width: 1566px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-35893\" src=\"https:\/\/cmctiles.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/Screenshot-2026-02-24-100731.png\" alt=\"G\u1ea1ch ch\u1ed1ng tr\u01a1n\" width=\"1566\" height=\"1442\" title=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/cmctiles.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/Screenshot-2026-02-24-100731.png 1005w, https:\/\/cmctiles.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/Screenshot-2026-02-24-100731-300x276.png 300w, https:\/\/cmctiles.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/Screenshot-2026-02-24-100731-768x707.png 768w, https:\/\/cmctiles.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/Screenshot-2026-02-24-100731-13x12.png 13w, https:\/\/cmctiles.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/Screenshot-2026-02-24-100731-500x460.png 500w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1566px) 100vw, 1566px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-35893\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Vi\u1ec7c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn g\u1ea1ch ch\u1ed1ng tr\u01a1n kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 v\u00ec y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 ti\u1ec7n l\u1ee3i<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Vi\u1ec7c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn g\u1ea1ch ch\u1ed1ng tr\u01a1n kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 v\u00ec y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 ti\u1ec7n l\u1ee3i, m\u00e0 c\u00f2n v\u00ec c\u00e1c m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau an to\u00e0n l\u00e2u d\u00e0i:<\/p>\n<p>\u2714 Gi\u1ea3m nguy c\u01a1 tai n\u1ea1n tr\u01b0\u1ee3t ng\u00e3 trong gia \u0111\u00ecnh<br \/>\n\u2714 B\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 ng\u01b0\u1eddi gi\u00e0 v\u00e0 tr\u1ebb nh\u1ecf<br \/>\n\u2714 \u0110\u00e1p \u1ee9ng ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh c\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng<br \/>\n\u2714 T\u0103ng tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd s\u00e0n khu v\u1ef1c ngo\u00e0i tr\u1eddi<br \/>\n\u2714 Gi\u1ea3m r\u00eau m\u1ed1c nh\u1edd c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t tho\u00e1t n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1ed1t<\/p>\n<h4>1.1.5. \u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a g\u1ea1ch ch\u1ed1ng tr\u01a1n<\/h4>\n<figure id=\"attachment_35708\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-35708\" style=\"width: 2000px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-35708 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/cmctiles.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/8D.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1800\" title=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/cmctiles.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/8D.jpg 2000w, https:\/\/cmctiles.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/8D-300x270.jpg 300w, https:\/\/cmctiles.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/8D-1024x922.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/cmctiles.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/8D-768x691.jpg 768w, https:\/\/cmctiles.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/8D-1536x1382.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/cmctiles.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/8D-13x12.jpg 13w, https:\/\/cmctiles.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/8D-500x450.jpg 500w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-35708\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">\u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a g\u1ea1ch ch\u1ed1ng tr\u01a1n<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>G\u1ea1ch ch\u1ed1ng tr\u01a1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i t\u1ea1i:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Nh\u00e0 t\u1eafm<\/li>\n<li>Nh\u00e0 v\u1ec7 sinh<\/li>\n<li>Ban c\u00f4ng<\/li>\n<li>S\u00e2n th\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/li>\n<li>S\u1ea3nh kh\u00e1ch s\u1ea1n<\/li>\n<li>Nh\u00e0 h\u00e0ng<\/li>\n<li>H\u1ed3 b\u01a1i<\/li>\n<li>Khu c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>T\u1ea1i c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i, vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng g\u1ea1ch ch\u1ed1ng tr\u01a1n c\u00f2n l\u00e0 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c theo quy chu\u1ea9n an to\u00e0n x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng t\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u qu\u1ed1c gia, bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 Vi\u1ec7t Nam theo h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n c\u1ee7a TCVN.<\/p>\n<h4>1.1.6. T\u00f3m l\u1ea1i \u2013 Hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u00fang v\u1ec1 g\u1ea1ch ch\u1ed1ng tr\u01a1n<\/h4>\n<figure id=\"attachment_35481\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-35481\" style=\"width: 2560px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-35481 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/cmctiles.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/MT-126008-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2560\" height=\"2504\" title=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/cmctiles.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/MT-126008-scaled.jpg 2560w, https:\/\/cmctiles.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/MT-126008-300x293.jpg 300w, https:\/\/cmctiles.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/MT-126008-1024x1002.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/cmctiles.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/MT-126008-768x751.jpg 768w, https:\/\/cmctiles.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/MT-126008-1536x1502.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/cmctiles.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/MT-126008-2048x2003.jpg 2048w, https:\/\/cmctiles.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/MT-126008-12x12.jpg 12w, https:\/\/cmctiles.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/MT-126008-500x489.jpg 500w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2560px) 100vw, 2560px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-35481\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u00fang v\u1ec1 g\u1ea1ch ch\u1ed1ng tr\u01a1n<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>G\u1ea1ch ch\u1ed1ng tr\u01a1n kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01a1n thu\u1ea7n l\u00e0 \u201cg\u1ea1ch c\u00f3 b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t nh\u00e1m\u201d.<\/p>\n<p>\u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t<\/li>\n<li>Ki\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 ma s\u00e1t<\/li>\n<li>\u0110\u1ea1t ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n ch\u1ed1ng tr\u01b0\u1ee3t<\/li>\n<li>Ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ea9m \u01b0\u1edbt<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u00fang b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t s\u1ebd gi\u00fap Qu\u00fd Anh Ch\u1ecb:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ecdn nh\u1ea7m g\u1ea1ch nh\u00e1m k\u00e9m ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/li>\n<li>Kh\u00f4ng l\u00e3ng ph\u00ed chi ph\u00ed<\/li>\n<li>\u0110\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o an to\u00e0n l\u00e2u d\u00e0i cho c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2 data-start=\"698\" data-end=\"771\">2. V\u00ec sao g\u1ea1ch ch\u1ed1ng tr\u01a1n ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng quan tr\u1ecdng trong thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i?<\/h2>\n<p data-start=\"773\" data-end=\"1070\">Trong nh\u1eefng n\u0103m g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y, y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 <strong data-start=\"805\" data-end=\"838\">an to\u00e0n trong kh\u00f4ng gian s\u1ed1ng<\/strong> \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t ti\u00eau ch\u00ed b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c thay v\u00ec ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn b\u1ed5 sung. S\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eeb nhi\u1ec1u nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n: gia t\u0103ng tai n\u1ea1n sinh ho\u1ea1t, gi\u00e0 h\u00f3a d\u00e2n s\u1ed1, y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng cao h\u01a1n v\u00e0 xu h\u01b0\u1edbng thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_35904\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-35904\" style=\"width: 1555px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-35904\" src=\"https:\/\/cmctiles.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/gach-op-nha-ve-sinh-30x60-porcelain-2.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1555\" height=\"1555\" title=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/cmctiles.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/gach-op-nha-ve-sinh-30x60-porcelain-2.jpg 1400w, https:\/\/cmctiles.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/gach-op-nha-ve-sinh-30x60-porcelain-2-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/cmctiles.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/gach-op-nha-ve-sinh-30x60-porcelain-2-1024x1024.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/cmctiles.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/gach-op-nha-ve-sinh-30x60-porcelain-2-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/cmctiles.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/gach-op-nha-ve-sinh-30x60-porcelain-2-768x768.jpg 768w, https:\/\/cmctiles.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/gach-op-nha-ve-sinh-30x60-porcelain-2-12x12.jpg 12w, https:\/\/cmctiles.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/gach-op-nha-ve-sinh-30x60-porcelain-2-500x500.jpg 500w, https:\/\/cmctiles.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/gach-op-nha-ve-sinh-30x60-porcelain-2-100x100.jpg 100w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1555px) 100vw, 1555px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-35904\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">G\u1ea1ch l\u00e1t n\u1ec1n ch\u1ed1ng tr\u01a1n<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><strong>C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ea1n n\u00ean tham kh\u1ea3o: <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/cmctiles.vn\/blog\/15-mau-gach-lat-nen-nha-ve-sinh-dep.html\">15+ m\u1eabu g\u1ea1ch l\u00e1t n\u1ec1n nh\u00e0 v\u1ec7 sinh \u0111\u1eb9p \u2013 sang \u2013 d\u1ec5 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng 2026<\/a><\/p>\n<h3 data-start=\"1072\" data-end=\"1139\">2.1. Tr\u01b0\u1ee3t ng\u00e3 \u2013 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng tai n\u1ea1n sinh ho\u1ea1t ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t<\/h3>\n<figure id=\"attachment_35918\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-35918\" style=\"width: 1626px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-35918\" src=\"https:\/\/cmctiles.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/chong-tron-truot-nha-tam-hiwin-4.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1626\" height=\"1016\" title=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/cmctiles.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/chong-tron-truot-nha-tam-hiwin-4.jpg 800w, https:\/\/cmctiles.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/chong-tron-truot-nha-tam-hiwin-4-300x188.jpg 300w, https:\/\/cmctiles.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/chong-tron-truot-nha-tam-hiwin-4-768x480.jpg 768w, https:\/\/cmctiles.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/chong-tron-truot-nha-tam-hiwin-4-18x12.jpg 18w, https:\/\/cmctiles.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/chong-tron-truot-nha-tam-hiwin-4-500x313.jpg 500w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1626px) 100vw, 1626px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-35918\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Tr\u01b0\u1ee3t ng\u00e3 \u2013 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng tai n\u1ea1n sinh ho\u1ea1t ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p data-start=\"1141\" data-end=\"1274\">Theo nhi\u1ec1u nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u y t\u1ebf qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf, tr\u01b0\u1ee3t ng\u00e3 trong gia \u0111\u00ecnh n\u1eb1m trong nh\u00f3m tai n\u1ea1n th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p nh\u1ea5t, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t x\u1ea3y ra t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c:<\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"1276\" data-end=\"1400\">\n<li data-start=\"1276\" data-end=\"1305\">\n<p data-start=\"1278\" data-end=\"1305\">Nh\u00e0 t\u1eafm c\u00f3 n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 x\u00e0 ph\u00f2ng<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"1306\" data-end=\"1326\">\n<p data-start=\"1308\" data-end=\"1326\">Nh\u00e0 v\u1ec7 sinh \u1ea9m \u01b0\u1edbt<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"1327\" data-end=\"1345\">\n<p data-start=\"1329\" data-end=\"1345\">Ban c\u00f4ng sau m\u01b0a<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"1346\" data-end=\"1369\">\n<p data-start=\"1348\" data-end=\"1369\">S\u00e2n th\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00f3 r\u00eau m\u1ed1c<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"1370\" data-end=\"1400\">\n<p data-start=\"1372\" data-end=\"1400\">L\u1ed1i \u0111i ngo\u00e0i tr\u1eddi tr\u01a1n tr\u01b0\u1ee3t<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-start=\"1402\" data-end=\"1436\">\u0110i\u1ec3m chung c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c n\u00e0y l\u00e0:<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"1438\" data-end=\"1549\">\u2714 C\u00f3 n\u01b0\u1edbc ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m cao<br data-start=\"1462\" data-end=\"1465\" \/>\u2714 B\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t s\u00e0n th\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u1eb5n<br data-start=\"1489\" data-end=\"1492\" \/>\u2714 \u00cdt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00fa \u00fd \u0111\u1ebfn ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n ch\u1ed1ng tr\u01b0\u1ee3t khi thi c\u00f4ng<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"1551\" data-end=\"1677\">M\u1ed9t vi\u00ean g\u1ea1ch b\u00f3ng k\u00ednh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 r\u1ea5t \u0111\u1eb9p khi kh\u00f4, nh\u01b0ng khi c\u00f3 n\u01b0\u1edbc, h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 ma s\u00e1t gi\u1ea3m m\u1ea1nh, l\u00e0m t\u0103ng nguy c\u01a1 tr\u01b0\u1ee3t ng\u00e3 \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3.<\/p>\n<h3 data-start=\"1684\" data-end=\"1744\">2.2. Gia t\u0103ng nh\u00f3m \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng d\u1ec5 t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng trong gia \u0111\u00ecnh<\/h3>\n<p data-start=\"1746\" data-end=\"1877\">C\u01a1 c\u1ea5u d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 \u0111ang thay \u0111\u1ed5i nhanh ch\u00f3ng. S\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi cao tu\u1ed5i ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng t\u0103ng, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh gia \u0111\u00ecnh \u0111a th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_35919\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-35919\" style=\"width: 1730px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-35919\" src=\"https:\/\/cmctiles.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/Chong-tron-truot-nga-nha-tam-mot-lan-va-mai-mai-.jpeg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1730\" height=\"1235\" title=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/cmctiles.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/Chong-tron-truot-nga-nha-tam-mot-lan-va-mai-mai-.jpeg 878w, https:\/\/cmctiles.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/Chong-tron-truot-nga-nha-tam-mot-lan-va-mai-mai--300x214.jpeg 300w, https:\/\/cmctiles.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/Chong-tron-truot-nga-nha-tam-mot-lan-va-mai-mai--768x548.jpeg 768w, https:\/\/cmctiles.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/Chong-tron-truot-nga-nha-tam-mot-lan-va-mai-mai--18x12.jpeg 18w, https:\/\/cmctiles.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/Chong-tron-truot-nga-nha-tam-mot-lan-va-mai-mai--500x357.jpeg 500w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1730px) 100vw, 1730px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-35919\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">S\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi cao tu\u1ed5i ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng t\u0103ng<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p data-start=\"1879\" data-end=\"1925\">Nh\u1eefng nh\u00f3m d\u1ec5 g\u1eb7p r\u1ee7i ro cao khi s\u00e0n tr\u01a1n g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n<h4 data-start=\"1927\" data-end=\"1948\">\ud83d\udd39 Ng\u01b0\u1eddi cao tu\u1ed5i<\/h4>\n<ul data-start=\"1949\" data-end=\"2015\">\n<li data-start=\"1949\" data-end=\"1979\">\n<p data-start=\"1951\" data-end=\"1979\">Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng gi\u1eef th\u0103ng b\u1eb1ng gi\u1ea3m<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"1980\" data-end=\"1994\">\n<p data-start=\"1982\" data-end=\"1994\">Ph\u1ea3n x\u1ea1 ch\u1eadm<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"1995\" data-end=\"2015\">\n<p data-start=\"1997\" data-end=\"2015\">X\u01b0\u01a1ng gi\u00f2n, d\u1ec5 g\u00e3y<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-start=\"2017\" data-end=\"2088\">M\u1ed9t c\u00fa tr\u01b0\u1ee3t nh\u1eb9 trong nh\u00e0 t\u1eafm c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u1ea5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng.<\/p>\n<h4 data-start=\"2090\" data-end=\"2104\">\ud83d\udd39 Tr\u1ebb nh\u1ecf<\/h4>\n<ul data-start=\"2105\" data-end=\"2193\">\n<li data-start=\"2105\" data-end=\"2139\">\n<p data-start=\"2107\" data-end=\"2139\">Di chuy\u1ec3n nhanh, thi\u1ebfu ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"2140\" data-end=\"2168\">\n<p data-start=\"2142\" data-end=\"2168\">Th\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ea1y nh\u1ea3y trong nh\u00e0<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"2169\" data-end=\"2193\">\n<p data-start=\"2171\" data-end=\"2193\">Hay ch\u01a1i \u1edf khu v\u1ef1c \u01b0\u1edbt<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4 data-start=\"2195\" data-end=\"2218\">\ud83d\udd39 Ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef mang thai<\/h4>\n<ul data-start=\"2219\" data-end=\"2305\">\n<li data-start=\"2219\" data-end=\"2246\">\n<p data-start=\"2221\" data-end=\"2246\">Tr\u1ecdng t\u00e2m c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"2247\" data-end=\"2265\">\n<p data-start=\"2249\" data-end=\"2265\">Kh\u00f3 gi\u1eef c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"2266\" data-end=\"2305\">\n<p data-start=\"2268\" data-end=\"2305\">Nguy c\u01a1 t\u00e9 ng\u00e3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4 data-start=\"2307\" data-end=\"2359\">\ud83d\udd39 Ng\u01b0\u1eddi khuy\u1ebft t\u1eadt ho\u1eb7c \u0111ang ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng<\/h4>\n<ul data-start=\"2360\" data-end=\"2438\">\n<li data-start=\"2360\" data-end=\"2394\">\n<p data-start=\"2362\" data-end=\"2394\">Ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t s\u00e0n an to\u00e0n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"2395\" data-end=\"2438\">\n<p data-start=\"2397\" data-end=\"2438\">C\u1ea7n ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n ma s\u00e1t cao h\u01a1n b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-start=\"2440\" data-end=\"2581\">Ch\u00ednh v\u00ec v\u1eady, vi\u1ec7c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn <strong data-start=\"2468\" data-end=\"2498\">g\u1ea1ch ch\u1ed1ng tr\u01a1n \u0111\u00fang chu\u1ea9n<\/strong> kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n l\u00e0 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh mang t\u00ednh th\u1ea9m m\u1ef9, m\u00e0 l\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 an to\u00e0n d\u00e0i h\u1ea1n.<\/p>\n<h3 data-start=\"2588\" data-end=\"2637\">2.3. Xu h\u01b0\u1edbng thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf an to\u00e0n (Safety Design)<\/h3>\n<p data-start=\"2639\" data-end=\"2747\">Trong ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i, kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m \u201cSafety Design\u201d \u2013 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u01b0u ti\u00ean an to\u00e0n \u2013 \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"2749\" data-end=\"2829\">Thay v\u00ec x\u1eed l\u00fd s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 sau khi tai n\u1ea1n x\u1ea3y ra, c\u00e1c ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac s\u01b0 ng\u00e0y nay t\u1eadp trung:<\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"2831\" data-end=\"2980\">\n<li data-start=\"2831\" data-end=\"2872\">\n<p data-start=\"2833\" data-end=\"2872\">Gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u r\u1ee7i ro ngay t\u1eeb kh\u00e2u v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"2873\" data-end=\"2915\">\n<p data-start=\"2875\" data-end=\"2915\">L\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn g\u1ea1ch \u0111\u1ea1t ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n ch\u1ed1ng tr\u01b0\u1ee3t<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"2916\" data-end=\"2945\">\n<p data-start=\"2918\" data-end=\"2945\">T\u00ednh to\u00e1n \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1ed1c tho\u00e1t n\u01b0\u1edbc<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"2946\" data-end=\"2980\">\n<p data-start=\"2948\" data-end=\"2980\">Thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf kh\u00f4ng gian \u01b0\u1edbt khoa h\u1ecdc<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-35920\" src=\"https:\/\/cmctiles.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/617330001_1550572467075884_5438290827758946167_n.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1667\" height=\"1667\" title=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/cmctiles.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/617330001_1550572467075884_5438290827758946167_n.jpg 1667w, https:\/\/cmctiles.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/617330001_1550572467075884_5438290827758946167_n-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/cmctiles.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/617330001_1550572467075884_5438290827758946167_n-1024x1024.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/cmctiles.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/617330001_1550572467075884_5438290827758946167_n-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/cmctiles.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/617330001_1550572467075884_5438290827758946167_n-768x768.jpg 768w, https:\/\/cmctiles.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/617330001_1550572467075884_5438290827758946167_n-1536x1536.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/cmctiles.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/617330001_1550572467075884_5438290827758946167_n-12x12.jpg 12w, https:\/\/cmctiles.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/617330001_1550572467075884_5438290827758946167_n-500x500.jpg 500w, https:\/\/cmctiles.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/617330001_1550572467075884_5438290827758946167_n-100x100.jpg 100w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1667px) 100vw, 1667px\" \/><\/p>\n<p data-start=\"2982\" data-end=\"3037\">Trong \u0111\u00f3, <strong data-start=\"2992\" data-end=\"3011\">g\u1ea1ch ch\u1ed1ng tr\u01a1n<\/strong> \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng v\u00ec:<\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"3039\" data-end=\"3169\">\n<li data-start=\"3039\" data-end=\"3078\">\n<p data-start=\"3041\" data-end=\"3078\">L\u00e0 b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp m\u1ed7i ng\u00e0y<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"3079\" data-end=\"3116\">\n<p data-start=\"3081\" data-end=\"3116\">\u1ea2nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"3117\" data-end=\"3169\">\n<p data-start=\"3119\" data-end=\"3169\">C\u00f3 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u00e2u d\u00e0i trong su\u1ed1t v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 data-start=\"3176\" data-end=\"3230\">2.4. Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng kh\u1eaft khe<\/h3>\n<p data-start=\"3232\" data-end=\"3403\">T\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam, c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng ph\u1ea3i tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh theo h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n c\u1ee7a <span class=\"hover:entity-accent entity-underline inline cursor-pointer align-baseline\"><span class=\"whitespace-normal\">TCVN<\/span><\/span> v\u00e0 c\u00e1c quy chu\u1ea9n x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng hi\u1ec7n h\u00e0nh.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"3405\" data-end=\"3440\">Trong c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh c\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0:<\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"3442\" data-end=\"3512\">\n<li data-start=\"3442\" data-end=\"3464\">\n<p data-start=\"3444\" data-end=\"3464\">Trung t\u00e2m th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"3465\" data-end=\"3476\">\n<p data-start=\"3467\" data-end=\"3476\">Kh\u00e1ch s\u1ea1n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"3477\" data-end=\"3489\">\n<p data-start=\"3479\" data-end=\"3489\">Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ecdc<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"3490\" data-end=\"3501\">\n<p data-start=\"3492\" data-end=\"3501\">B\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"3502\" data-end=\"3512\">\n<p data-start=\"3504\" data-end=\"3512\">Nh\u00e0 h\u00e0ng<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-start=\"3514\" data-end=\"3629\">Vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng g\u1ea1ch c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng tr\u01b0\u1ee3t ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o an to\u00e0n cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"3631\" data-end=\"3729\">Do \u0111\u00f3, xu h\u01b0\u1edbng th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng chuy\u1ec3n d\u1ea7n t\u1eeb g\u1ea1ch b\u00f3ng sang g\u1ea1ch matt v\u00e0 g\u1ea1ch ch\u1ed1ng tr\u01a1n c\u00f3 ki\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/p>\n<h3 data-start=\"3736\" data-end=\"3798\">2.5. \u0110i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n kh\u00ed h\u1eadu Vi\u1ec7t Nam l\u00e0m t\u0103ng nguy c\u01a1 tr\u01a1n tr\u01b0\u1ee3t<\/h3>\n<figure id=\"attachment_35613\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-35613\" style=\"width: 1548px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-35613\" src=\"https:\/\/cmctiles.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/gach-lat-nen-chat-luong-kem-de-bi-tham-nuoc.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1548\" height=\"968\" title=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/cmctiles.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/gach-lat-nen-chat-luong-kem-de-bi-tham-nuoc.jpg 800w, https:\/\/cmctiles.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/gach-lat-nen-chat-luong-kem-de-bi-tham-nuoc-300x188.jpg 300w, https:\/\/cmctiles.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/gach-lat-nen-chat-luong-kem-de-bi-tham-nuoc-768x480.jpg 768w, https:\/\/cmctiles.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/gach-lat-nen-chat-luong-kem-de-bi-tham-nuoc-18x12.jpg 18w, https:\/\/cmctiles.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/gach-lat-nen-chat-luong-kem-de-bi-tham-nuoc-500x313.jpg 500w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1548px) 100vw, 1548px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-35613\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">T\u0103ng nguy c\u01a1 tr\u01a1n tr\u01b0\u1ee3t do \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n kh\u00ed h\u1eadu<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p data-start=\"3800\" data-end=\"3829\">Vi\u1ec7t Nam c\u00f3 \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m kh\u00ed h\u1eadu:<\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"3831\" data-end=\"3908\">\n<li data-start=\"3831\" data-end=\"3850\">\n<p data-start=\"3833\" data-end=\"3850\">Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1edbi gi\u00f3 m\u00f9a<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"3851\" data-end=\"3872\">\n<p data-start=\"3853\" data-end=\"3872\">\u0110\u1ed9 \u1ea9m cao quanh n\u0103m<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"3873\" data-end=\"3884\">\n<p data-start=\"3875\" data-end=\"3884\">M\u01b0a nhi\u1ec1u<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"3885\" data-end=\"3908\">\n<p data-start=\"3887\" data-end=\"3908\">R\u00eau m\u1ed1c d\u1ec5 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-start=\"3910\" data-end=\"3952\">\u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y khi\u1ebfn c\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c ngo\u00e0i tr\u1eddi nh\u01b0:<\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"3954\" data-end=\"3997\">\n<li data-start=\"3954\" data-end=\"3964\">\n<p data-start=\"3956\" data-end=\"3964\">Ban c\u00f4ng<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"3965\" data-end=\"3977\">\n<p data-start=\"3967\" data-end=\"3977\">S\u00e2n th\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"3978\" data-end=\"3986\">\n<p data-start=\"3980\" data-end=\"3986\">L\u1ed1i \u0111i<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"3987\" data-end=\"3997\">\n<p data-start=\"3989\" data-end=\"3997\">S\u00e2n v\u01b0\u1eddn<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-start=\"3999\" data-end=\"4060\">d\u1ec5 b\u1ecb tr\u01a1n tr\u01b0\u1ee3t n\u1ebfu s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng g\u1ea1ch kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea1t chu\u1ea9n ch\u1ed1ng tr\u01a1n.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"4062\" data-end=\"4174\">Do \u0111\u00f3, g\u1ea1ch ch\u1ed1ng tr\u01a1n kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 xu h\u01b0\u1edbng m\u00e0 l\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf kh\u00ed h\u1eadu t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam.<\/p>\n<h3 data-start=\"4181\" data-end=\"4215\">2.6. Gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb l\u00e2u d\u00e0i v\u1ec1 kinh t\u1ebf<\/h3>\n<figure id=\"attachment_35893\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-35893\" style=\"width: 1629px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-35893\" src=\"https:\/\/cmctiles.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/Screenshot-2026-02-24-100731.png\" alt=\"G\u1ea1ch ch\u1ed1ng tr\u01a1n\" width=\"1629\" height=\"1499\" title=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/cmctiles.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/Screenshot-2026-02-24-100731.png 1005w, https:\/\/cmctiles.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/Screenshot-2026-02-24-100731-300x276.png 300w, https:\/\/cmctiles.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/Screenshot-2026-02-24-100731-768x707.png 768w, https:\/\/cmctiles.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/Screenshot-2026-02-24-100731-13x12.png 13w, https:\/\/cmctiles.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/Screenshot-2026-02-24-100731-500x460.png 500w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1629px) 100vw, 1629px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-35893\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Chi ph\u00ed ban \u0111\u1ea7u cao h\u01a1n m\u1ed9t ch\u00fat nh\u01b0ng mang l\u1ea1i gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng trong nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p data-start=\"4217\" data-end=\"4296\">Nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi cho r\u1eb1ng g\u1ea1ch ch\u1ed1ng tr\u01a1n c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 cao h\u01a1n. Tuy nhi\u00ean, x\u00e9t v\u1ec1 l\u00e2u d\u00e0i:<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"4298\" data-end=\"4413\">\u2714 Gi\u1ea3m nguy c\u01a1 tai n\u1ea1n<br data-start=\"4320\" data-end=\"4323\" \/>\u2714 Gi\u1ea3m chi ph\u00ed s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa do tr\u01b0\u1ee3t ng\u00e3<br data-start=\"4359\" data-end=\"4362\" \/>\u2714 T\u0103ng tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd s\u00e0n<br data-start=\"4381\" data-end=\"4384\" \/>\u2714 H\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf thay th\u1ebf v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"4415\" data-end=\"4496\">Chi ph\u00ed ban \u0111\u1ea7u cao h\u01a1n m\u1ed9t ch\u00fat nh\u01b0ng mang l\u1ea1i gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng trong nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m.<\/p>\n<h3 data-start=\"4503\" data-end=\"4554\">2.7. Nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng cao<\/h3>\n<p data-start=\"4556\" data-end=\"4598\">Tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng th\u01b0\u1eddng \u01b0u ti\u00ean:<\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"4600\" data-end=\"4647\">\n<li data-start=\"4600\" data-end=\"4611\">\n<p data-start=\"4602\" data-end=\"4611\">G\u1ea1ch b\u00f3ng<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"4612\" data-end=\"4625\">\n<p data-start=\"4614\" data-end=\"4625\">B\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t s\u00e1ng<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"4626\" data-end=\"4647\">\n<p data-start=\"4628\" data-end=\"4647\">Hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng sang tr\u1ecdng<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-start=\"4649\" data-end=\"4680\">Hi\u1ec7n nay, xu h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u00e3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i:<\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"4682\" data-end=\"4739\">\n<li data-start=\"4682\" data-end=\"4699\">\n<p data-start=\"4684\" data-end=\"4699\">\u01afu ti\u00ean an to\u00e0n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"4700\" data-end=\"4716\">\n<p data-start=\"4702\" data-end=\"4716\">\u01afu ti\u00ean \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"4717\" data-end=\"4739\">\n<p data-start=\"4719\" data-end=\"4739\">\u01afu ti\u00ean t\u00ednh th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-start=\"4741\" data-end=\"4841\">G\u1ea1ch ch\u1ed1ng tr\u01a1n ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n trong c\u1ea3 nh\u00e0 \u1edf d\u00e2n d\u1ee5ng l\u1eabn c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n<h2>3. TI\u00caU CHU\u1ea8N K\u1ef8 THU\u1eacT \u0110\u00c1NH GI\u00c1 G\u1ea0CH CH\u1ed0NG TR\u01a0N<\/h2>\n<figure id=\"attachment_35922\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-35922\" style=\"width: 1580px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-35922\" src=\"https:\/\/cmctiles.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/chi-so-chong-tron-truot-r-bi-quyet-lua-chon-gach-an-toan-cho-moi-cong-trinh-5.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1580\" height=\"1185\" title=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/cmctiles.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/chi-so-chong-tron-truot-r-bi-quyet-lua-chon-gach-an-toan-cho-moi-cong-trinh-5.jpg 800w, https:\/\/cmctiles.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/chi-so-chong-tron-truot-r-bi-quyet-lua-chon-gach-an-toan-cho-moi-cong-trinh-5-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/cmctiles.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/chi-so-chong-tron-truot-r-bi-quyet-lua-chon-gach-an-toan-cho-moi-cong-trinh-5-768x576.jpg 768w, https:\/\/cmctiles.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/chi-so-chong-tron-truot-r-bi-quyet-lua-chon-gach-an-toan-cho-moi-cong-trinh-5-16x12.jpg 16w, https:\/\/cmctiles.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/chi-so-chong-tron-truot-r-bi-quyet-lua-chon-gach-an-toan-cho-moi-cong-trinh-5-500x375.jpg 500w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1580px) 100vw, 1580px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-35922\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Tham kh\u1ea3o ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 ch\u1ed1ng tr\u01a1n tr\u01b0\u1ee3t c\u1ee7a g\u1ea1ch l\u00e1t n\u1ec1n<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h3>3.1. H\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 ma s\u00e1t COF (Coefficient of Friction)<\/h3>\n<p>COF (Coefficient of Friction) l\u00e0 h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 ma s\u00e1t \u0111o kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng tr\u01b0\u1ee3t c\u1ee7a b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t g\u1ea1ch.<\/p>\n<p>\u26a0 L\u01b0u \u00fd quan tr\u1ecdng:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>C\u00f3 <strong>COF kh\u00f4 (Dry COF)<\/strong> v\u00e0 <strong>COF \u01b0\u1edbt (Wet COF)<\/strong><\/li>\n<li>Hi\u1ec7n nay nhi\u1ec1u n\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng <strong>DCOF (Dynamic COF)<\/strong> thay cho COF t\u0129nh<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i tham kh\u1ea3o:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>COF &lt; 0.4<\/strong> \u2192 Nguy c\u01a1 tr\u01a1n tr\u01b0\u1ee3t cao<\/li>\n<li><strong>COF 0.4 \u2013 0.6<\/strong> \u2192 M\u1ee9c trung b\u00ecnh<\/li>\n<li><strong>COF \u2265 0.6<\/strong> \u2192 An to\u00e0n cho khu v\u1ef1c \u1ea9m \u01b0\u1edbt<\/li>\n<li><strong>COF \u2265 0.8<\/strong> \u2192 Ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p khu v\u1ef1c ngo\u00e0i tr\u1eddi<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\ud83d\udc49 Tuy nhi\u00ean:<br \/>\nTheo ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n c\u1ee7a <strong>ANSI A137.1 (Hoa K\u1ef3)<\/strong>, m\u1ee9c khuy\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb cho khu v\u1ef1c n\u1ed9i th\u1ea5t \u1ea9m \u01b0\u1edbt l\u00e0:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>DCOF \u2265 0.42<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>V\u00ec v\u1eady n\u1ebfu t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u d\u00f9ng cho t\u01b0 v\u1ea5n chuy\u00ean nghi\u1ec7p, n\u00ean ghi r\u00f5:<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>\u201cTheo ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n ANSI A137.1, g\u1ea1ch l\u00e1t s\u00e0n n\u1ed9i th\u1ea5t \u1ea9m \u01b0\u1edbt y\u00eau c\u1ea7u DCOF \u2265 0.42\u201d<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<h3>3.2. Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n R (DIN 51130 \u2013 \u0110\u1ee9c)<\/h3>\n<p>Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n R \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh theo <strong>DIN 51130 (\u0110\u1ee9c)<\/strong> v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i t\u1ea1i ch\u00e2u \u00c2u.<\/p>\n<p>Ph\u00e2n c\u1ea5p:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>R9<\/strong>: Ma s\u00e1t th\u1ea5p \u2013 khu v\u1ef1c kh\u00f4<\/li>\n<li><strong>R10<\/strong>: Trung b\u00ecnh \u2013 nh\u00e0 v\u1ec7 sinh, nh\u00e0 \u1edf<\/li>\n<li><strong>R11<\/strong>: Cao \u2013 ban c\u00f4ng, khu \u1ea9m \u01b0\u1edbt<\/li>\n<li><strong>R12<\/strong>: R\u1ea5t cao \u2013 ngo\u00e0i tr\u1eddi, khu th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i<\/li>\n<li><strong>R13<\/strong>: C\u1ef1c cao \u2013 khu c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u26a0 L\u01b0u \u00fd:<br \/>\nTi\u00eau chu\u1ea9n R \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n nghi\u00eang v\u1edbi d\u1ea7u, n\u00ean ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 khu v\u1ef1c c\u00f3 nguy c\u01a1 tr\u01a1n tr\u01b0\u1ee3t cao.<\/p>\n<h3>3.3. Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam<\/h3>\n<p>T\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam, g\u1ea1ch x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ecbnh theo:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>TCVN \u2013 H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n Vi\u1ec7t Nam<\/strong><\/li>\n<li>Quy chu\u1ea9n k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng do <strong>B\u1ed9 X\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng ban h\u00e0nh<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Tuy nhi\u00ean:<br \/>\nVi\u1ec7t Nam hi\u1ec7n ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 h\u1ec7 ph\u00e2n c\u1ea5p R c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 nh\u01b0 DIN 51130, n\u00ean nhi\u1ec1u doanh nghi\u1ec7p tham chi\u1ebfu ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n ch\u00e2u \u00c2u (DIN) ho\u1eb7c M\u1ef9 (ANSI).<\/p>\n<h2>4. C\u1ea4U T\u1ea0O C\u1ee6A G\u1ea0CH CH\u1ed0NG TR\u01a0N<\/h2>\n<figure id=\"attachment_35916\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-35916\" style=\"width: 1544px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-35916\" src=\"https:\/\/cmctiles.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/cau-tao-gach-men.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1544\" height=\"1337\" title=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/cmctiles.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/cau-tao-gach-men.jpg 500w, https:\/\/cmctiles.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/cau-tao-gach-men-300x260.jpg 300w, https:\/\/cmctiles.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/cau-tao-gach-men-14x12.jpg 14w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1544px) 100vw, 1544px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-35916\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">H\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh minh ho\u1ea1 v\u1ec1 c\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o g\u1ea1ch men<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h3>4.1. Ph\u1ea7n x\u01b0\u01a1ng g\u1ea1ch<\/h3>\n<h4>4.1.1. G\u1ea1ch Porcelain (x\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u00e1)<\/h4>\n<figure id=\"attachment_35431\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-35431\" style=\"width: 1920px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-35431 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/cmctiles.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/3-scaled-e1767858335201.png\" alt=\"X\u01b0\u01a1ng g\u1ea1ch Porcelain\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1946\" title=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/cmctiles.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/3-scaled-e1767858335201.png 1920w, https:\/\/cmctiles.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/3-scaled-e1767858335201-296x300.png 296w, https:\/\/cmctiles.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/3-scaled-e1767858335201-1010x1024.png 1010w, https:\/\/cmctiles.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/3-scaled-e1767858335201-768x778.png 768w, https:\/\/cmctiles.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/3-scaled-e1767858335201-1515x1536.png 1515w, https:\/\/cmctiles.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/3-scaled-e1767858335201-12x12.png 12w, https:\/\/cmctiles.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/3-scaled-e1767858335201-500x507.png 500w, https:\/\/cmctiles.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/3-scaled-e1767858335201-100x100.png 100w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-35431\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">X\u01b0\u01a1ng g\u1ea1ch Porcelain<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Theo ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i trong ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n ch\u00e2u \u00c2u, g\u1ea1ch porcelain thu\u1ed9c nh\u00f3m BIa theo <strong>ISO 13006<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>\u0110\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0110\u1ed9 h\u00fat n\u01b0\u1edbc \u2264 0.5%<\/li>\n<li>K\u1ebft c\u1ea5u \u0111\u1eb7c, m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 n\u00e9n cao<\/li>\n<li>C\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u1ecbu l\u1ef1c l\u1edbn<\/li>\n<li>\u0110\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 kh\u00e1ng m\u00e0i m\u00f2n t\u1ed1t<\/li>\n<li>Ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p khu v\u1ef1c ngo\u00e0i tr\u1eddi, n\u01a1i \u1ea9m \u01b0\u1edbt, m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111i l\u1ea1i cao<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\ud83d\udc49 L\u01b0u \u00fd: Porcelain c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n cao, nh\u01b0ng n\u1ebfu b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t b\u00f3ng v\u1eabn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u01a1n.<\/p>\n<h4>4.1.2. G\u1ea1ch Ceramic<\/h4>\n<figure id=\"attachment_35433\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-35433\" style=\"width: 1920px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-35433\" src=\"https:\/\/cmctiles.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/1-scaled-e1767856128409.png\" alt=\"X\u01b0\u01a1ng g\u1ea1ch Ceramic\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1975\" title=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/cmctiles.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/1-scaled-e1767856128409.png 1920w, https:\/\/cmctiles.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/1-scaled-e1767856128409-292x300.png 292w, https:\/\/cmctiles.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/1-scaled-e1767856128409-995x1024.png 995w, https:\/\/cmctiles.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/1-scaled-e1767856128409-768x790.png 768w, https:\/\/cmctiles.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/1-scaled-e1767856128409-1493x1536.png 1493w, https:\/\/cmctiles.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/1-scaled-e1767856128409-12x12.png 12w, https:\/\/cmctiles.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/1-scaled-e1767856128409-500x514.png 500w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-35433\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">X\u01b0\u01a1ng g\u1ea1ch Ceramic<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>\u0110\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0110\u1ed9 h\u00fat n\u01b0\u1edbc cao h\u01a1n (th\u01b0\u1eddng &gt; 3%)<\/li>\n<li>X\u01b0\u01a1ng g\u1ea1ch x\u1ed1p h\u01a1n<\/li>\n<li>Gi\u00e1 th\u00e0nh th\u1ea5p<\/li>\n<li>Ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p khu v\u1ef1c n\u1ed9i th\u1ea5t kh\u00f4<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\ud83d\udc49 Ceramic v\u1eabn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ed1ng tr\u01a1n t\u1ed1t n\u1ebfu b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1eed l\u00fd ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p.<\/p>\n<h3>4.2. L\u1edbp men b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t<\/h3>\n<p>\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 <strong>\u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ebfn h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 ma s\u00e1t<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>C\u00e1c d\u1ea1ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn:<\/p>\n<h4>1. Men matt (men m\u1edd)<\/h4>\n<figure id=\"attachment_35211\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-35211\" style=\"width: 1522px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-35211\" src=\"https:\/\/cmctiles.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/60x120-sole.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"1522\" height=\"754\" title=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/cmctiles.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/60x120-sole.png 860w, https:\/\/cmctiles.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/60x120-sole-300x149.png 300w, https:\/\/cmctiles.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/60x120-sole-768x380.png 768w, https:\/\/cmctiles.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/60x120-sole-18x9.png 18w, https:\/\/cmctiles.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/60x120-sole-400x198.png 400w, https:\/\/cmctiles.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/60x120-sole-500x248.png 500w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1522px) 100vw, 1522px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-35211\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">B\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t men matt<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<ul>\n<li>B\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t nh\u00e1m nh\u1eb9<\/li>\n<li>Ma s\u00e1t t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n men b\u00f3ng<\/li>\n<li>Ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p nh\u00e0 \u1edf<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>2. Men sugar effect (hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng h\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng)<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>B\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t c\u00f3 vi h\u1ea1t n\u1ed5i<\/li>\n<li>T\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u00e1m vi m\u00f4<\/li>\n<li>T\u0103ng ma s\u00e1t khi \u01b0\u1edbt<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>3. Men carving (kh\u1eafc ch\u00ecm \/ in n\u1ed5i)<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>C\u00f3 v\u00e2n l\u00f5m \u2013 n\u1ed5i<\/li>\n<li>T\u1ea1o ma s\u00e1t c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc<\/li>\n<li>Ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p khu v\u1ef1c \u1ea9m \u01b0\u1edbt<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>4. Men dry granular<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>H\u1ea1t kho\u00e1ng kh\u00f4 r\u1eafc l\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi nung<\/li>\n<li>T\u1ea1o c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac nh\u00e1m r\u00f5<\/li>\n<li>Th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ea1t R11\u2013R12<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>5. C\u00c1CH NH\u1eacN BI\u1ebeT G\u1ea0CH CH\u1ed0NG TR\u01a0N \u0110\u1ea0T CHU\u1ea8N<\/h2>\n<figure id=\"attachment_35903\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-35903\" style=\"width: 1623px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-35903\" src=\"https:\/\/cmctiles.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/Screenshot-2026-02-24-101047.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"1623\" height=\"1142\" title=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/cmctiles.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/Screenshot-2026-02-24-101047.png 1191w, https:\/\/cmctiles.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/Screenshot-2026-02-24-101047-300x211.png 300w, https:\/\/cmctiles.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/Screenshot-2026-02-24-101047-1024x720.png 1024w, https:\/\/cmctiles.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/Screenshot-2026-02-24-101047-768x540.png 768w, https:\/\/cmctiles.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/Screenshot-2026-02-24-101047-18x12.png 18w, https:\/\/cmctiles.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/Screenshot-2026-02-24-101047-500x352.png 500w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1623px) 100vw, 1623px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-35903\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">CMC Tiles h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn Qu\u00fd Anh Ch\u1ecb 7 c\u00e1ch ki\u1ec3m tra g\u1ea1ch ch\u1ed1ng tr\u01a1n th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>CMC Tiles h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn Qu\u00fd Anh Ch\u1ecb 7 c\u00e1ch ki\u1ec3m tra th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf:<\/p>\n<h3>5.1. Quan s\u00e1t b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t<\/h3>\n<p>\u2714 Kh\u00f4ng b\u00f3ng g\u01b0\u01a1ng (tr\u1eeb d\u00f2ng x\u1eed l\u00fd ch\u1ed1ng tr\u01a1n \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t)<br \/>\n\u2714 C\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 m\u1edd (matt)<br \/>\n\u2714 C\u00f3 vi c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac nh\u00e1m ho\u1eb7c v\u00e2n n\u1ed5i nh\u1eb9<\/p>\n<p>\u26a0 L\u01b0u \u00fd:<br \/>\nKh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i c\u1ee9 \u201cm\u1edd\u201d l\u00e0 ch\u1ed1ng tr\u01a1n t\u1ed1t. C\u1ea7n c\u00f3 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac vi nh\u00e1m (micro texture).<\/p>\n<h3>5.2. S\u1edd tay ki\u1ec3m tra<\/h3>\n<p>\u2714 C\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c nh\u00e1m nh\u1eb9<br \/>\n\u2714 Kh\u00f4ng tr\u01a1n m\u1ecbn nh\u01b0 k\u00ednh<\/p>\n<p>\u26a0 Tuy nhi\u00ean:<br \/>\nC\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c tay <strong>kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 ma s\u00e1t khi \u01b0\u1edbt<\/strong>.<br \/>\nC\u00f3 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t s\u1edd kh\u00e1 m\u1ecbn nh\u01b0ng v\u1eabn \u0111\u1ea1t R10\u2013R11.<\/p>\n<h3>5.3. Th\u1eed n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf<\/h3>\n<p>Nh\u1ecf n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t v\u00e0 th\u1eed \u0111\u1eb7t ch\u00e2n ho\u1eb7c mi\u1ebfng cao su:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>N\u1ebfu c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 b\u00e1m \u2192 \u0111\u1ea1t m\u1ee9c c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n<\/li>\n<li>N\u1ebfu tr\u01b0\u1ee3t m\u1ea1nh \u2192 kh\u00f4ng ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p khu \u1ea9m \u01b0\u1edbt<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u26a0 C\u1ea7n l\u01b0u \u00fd:<br \/>\n\u0110\u00e2y ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m tra c\u1ea3m t\u00ednh, <strong>kh\u00f4ng thay th\u1ebf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n COF ho\u1eb7c R-rating<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<h3>5.4. Ki\u1ec3m tra m\u00e3 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m \/ th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt<\/h3>\n<p>T\u00ecm c\u00e1c k\u00fd hi\u1ec7u:<\/p>\n<p>\u2714 Anti-slip<br \/>\n\u2714 R10 \u2013 R11 \u2013 R12 (theo DIN 51130)<br \/>\n\u2714 DCOF \u2265 0.42 (theo ANSI A137.1)<\/p>\n<p>N\u1ebfu s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u00f3 ghi R-rating r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng \u2192 \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi ch\u1ec9 ghi \u201cch\u1ed1ng tr\u01a1n\u201d.<\/p>\n<h3>5.5. Ki\u1ec3m tra \u0111\u1ed9 h\u00fat n\u01b0\u1edbc<\/h3>\n<p>\u2714 G\u1ea1ch c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 h\u00fat n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ea5p (porcelain \u2264 0.5%) b\u1ec1n v\u00e0 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01a1n trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ea9m<\/p>\n<p>\u26a0 Nh\u01b0ng:<br \/>\n\u0110\u1ed9 h\u00fat n\u01b0\u1edbc <strong>kh\u00f4ng quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u1ed1ng tr\u01a1n<\/strong>, m\u00e0 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n v\u00e0 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t.<\/p>\n<h3>5.6. Th\u1eed \u0111i ch\u00e2n tr\u1ea7n (Test th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf)<\/h3>\n<p>B\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u1eb9 tr\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t \u01b0\u1edbt:<\/p>\n<p>\u2714 N\u1ebfu c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 b\u00e1m t\u1ed1t \u2192 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p khu sinh ho\u1ea1t<br \/>\n\u2714 N\u1ebfu c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1ee3t \u2192 kh\u00f4ng ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p khu \u1ea9m \u01b0\u1edbt<\/p>\n<p>\u26a0 N\u00ean th\u1eed v\u1edbi gi\u00e0y \u0111\u1ebf cao su n\u1ebfu d\u00f9ng cho khu th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n<h3>5.7. Ki\u1ec3m tra ch\u1ee9ng nh\u1eadn k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt<\/h3>\n<p>Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p cung c\u1ea5p:<\/p>\n<p>\u2714 Phi\u1ebfu th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m COF ho\u1eb7c R-rating<br \/>\n\u2714 Ch\u1ee9ng nh\u1eadn ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n<br \/>\n\u2714 H\u1ed3 s\u01a1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m<\/p>\n<p>\u0110\u00e2y m\u1edbi l\u00e0 c\u0103n c\u1ee9 x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn \u201c\u0111\u1ea1t chu\u1ea9n\u201d.<\/p>\n<h2>6. PH\u00c2N LO\u1ea0I G\u1ea0CH CH\u1ed0NG TR\u01a0N PH\u1ed4 BI\u1ebeN TR\u00caN TH\u1eca TR\u01af\u1edcNG<\/h2>\n<h3>6.1. Ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i theo ch\u1ea5t li\u1ec7u (x\u01b0\u01a1ng g\u1ea1ch)<\/h3>\n<h4>6.1.1. Porcelain ch\u1ed1ng tr\u01a1n<\/h4>\n<p>\u0110\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0110\u1ed9 h\u00fat n\u01b0\u1edbc \u2264 0.5%<\/li>\n<li>K\u1ebft c\u1ea5u \u0111\u1eb7c, ch\u1ecbu l\u1ef1c cao<\/li>\n<li>\u1ed4n \u0111\u1ecbnh khi \u1ea9m \u01b0\u1edbt, ngo\u00e0i tr\u1eddi<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Outdoor<\/li>\n<li>S\u00e2n th\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/li>\n<li>Ban c\u00f4ng<\/li>\n<li>L\u1ed1i \u0111i c\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng<\/li>\n<li>Khu v\u1ef1c m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111i l\u1ea1i cao<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u26a0 L\u01b0u \u00fd:<br \/>\nPorcelain ch\u1ec9 th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 \u201cch\u1ed1ng tr\u01a1n\u201d khi b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea1t R10\u2013R12 ho\u1eb7c DCOF \u2265 0.42.<\/p>\n<p><strong>6.1.2. Ceramic ch\u1ed1ng tr\u01a1n<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u0110\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0110\u1ed9 h\u00fat n\u01b0\u1edbc cao h\u01a1n<\/li>\n<li>Gi\u00e1 th\u00e0nh th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n<\/li>\n<li>Ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p khu v\u1ef1c kh\u00f4 ho\u1eb7c \u1ea9m nh\u1eb9<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Nh\u00e0 t\u1eafm gia \u0111\u00ecnh<\/li>\n<li>Nh\u00e0 v\u1ec7 sinh<\/li>\n<li>Khu n\u1ed9i th\u1ea5t<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u26a0 Kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean d\u00f9ng ceramic x\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ecf cho khu ngo\u00e0i tr\u1eddi m\u01b0a nhi\u1ec1u.<\/p>\n<h3>6.2. Ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i theo m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u1ed1ng tr\u01a1n (quan tr\u1ecdng h\u01a1n thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf)<\/h3>\n<p>\u0110\u00e2y m\u1edbi l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u00fang v\u1ec1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>R9 \u2013 Ma s\u00e1t th\u1ea5p (khu kh\u00f4)<\/li>\n<li>R10 \u2013 Trung b\u00ecnh (nh\u00e0 \u1edf)<\/li>\n<li>R11 \u2013 Cao (ban c\u00f4ng, \u1ea9m \u01b0\u1edbt)<\/li>\n<li>R12 \u2013 R\u1ea5t cao (ngo\u00e0i tr\u1eddi)<\/li>\n<li>R13 \u2013 C\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Ho\u1eb7c theo DCOF:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u2265 0.42 \u2192 n\u1ed9i th\u1ea5t \u1ea9m \u01b0\u1edbt<\/li>\n<li>\u2265 0.6 \u2192 khu v\u1ef1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u cao h\u01a1n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>6.3. Ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i theo c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t (kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ec9 hoa v\u0103n)<\/h3>\n<h4>1. Nh\u00e1m m\u1ecbn (micro-texture)<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>C\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c m\u1edd nh\u1eb9<\/li>\n<li>D\u1ec5 v\u1ec7 sinh<\/li>\n<li>Ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p nh\u00e0 \u1edf<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>2. Nh\u00e1m h\u1ea1t (granular)<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>C\u00f3 h\u1ea1t kho\u00e1ng<\/li>\n<li>Ma s\u00e1t cao h\u01a1n<\/li>\n<li>Ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p khu \u1ea9m<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>3. Nh\u00e1m s\u00e2u \/ c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac n\u1ed5i<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>C\u00f3 r\u00e3nh ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ed9 g\u1ed3 r\u00f5<\/li>\n<li>D\u00f9ng ngo\u00e0i tr\u1eddi<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>6.4. Ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i theo phong c\u00e1ch thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf (t\u00ednh th\u1ea9m m\u1ef9)<\/h3>\n<p>Ph\u1ea7n n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u1ed1ng tr\u01a1n, nh\u01b0ng \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Veinstone<\/li>\n<li>V\u00e2n xi m\u0103ng<\/li>\n<li>V\u00e2n g\u1ed7<\/li>\n<li>V\u00e2n b\u00ea t\u00f4ng<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u26a0 L\u01b0u \u00fd:<br \/>\nV\u00e2n g\u1ed7 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng ngh\u0129a ch\u1ed1ng tr\u01a1n t\u1ed1t \u2013 c\u1ea7n xem b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t x\u1eed l\u00fd.<\/p>\n<h2 data-start=\"405\" data-end=\"458\">7. H\u01af\u1edaNG D\u1eaaN CH\u1eccN G\u1ea0CH CH\u1ed0NG TR\u01a0N THEO T\u1eeaNG KHU V\u1ef0C<\/h2>\n<h3 data-start=\"465\" data-end=\"501\">7.1. Nh\u00e0 t\u1eafm (ph\u00f2ng t\u1eafm gia \u0111\u00ecnh)<\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"503\" data-end=\"512\">\u0110\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m:<\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"513\" data-end=\"580\">\n<li data-start=\"513\" data-end=\"531\">\n<p data-start=\"515\" data-end=\"531\">Th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean \u01b0\u1edbt<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"532\" data-end=\"546\">\n<p data-start=\"534\" data-end=\"546\">\u0110i ch\u00e2n tr\u1ea7n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"547\" data-end=\"580\">\n<p data-start=\"549\" data-end=\"580\">C\u00f3 x\u00e0 ph\u00f2ng (t\u0103ng nguy c\u01a1 tr\u01a1n)<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-start=\"582\" data-end=\"599\">Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt:<\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"601\" data-end=\"719\">\n<li data-start=\"601\" data-end=\"614\">\n<p data-start=\"603\" data-end=\"614\">R10 \u2013 R11<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"615\" data-end=\"635\">\n<p data-start=\"617\" data-end=\"635\">Ho\u1eb7c DCOF \u2265 0.42<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"636\" data-end=\"684\">\n<p data-start=\"638\" data-end=\"684\">Nh\u00e1m v\u1eeba ph\u1ea3i (kh\u00f4ng qu\u00e1 g\u1ed3 g\u00e2y kh\u00f3 v\u1ec7 sinh)<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"685\" data-end=\"719\">\n<p data-start=\"687\" data-end=\"719\">B\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t matt ho\u1eb7c micro-texture<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-start=\"721\" data-end=\"744\">K\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc khuy\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb:<\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"746\" data-end=\"816\">\n<li data-start=\"746\" data-end=\"755\">\n<p data-start=\"748\" data-end=\"755\">30\u00d730<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"756\" data-end=\"765\">\n<p data-start=\"758\" data-end=\"765\">40\u00d740<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"766\" data-end=\"816\">\n<p data-start=\"768\" data-end=\"816\">Ho\u1eb7c g\u1ea1ch nh\u1ecf \u0111\u1ec3 t\u0103ng s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ron \u2192 t\u0103ng ma s\u00e1t<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-start=\"818\" data-end=\"850\">\u274c Kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean d\u00f9ng g\u1ea1ch b\u00f3ng k\u00ednh.<\/p>\n<h3 data-start=\"857\" data-end=\"905\">7.2. Nh\u00e0 v\u1ec7 sinh (WC ri\u00eang, \u00edt t\u1eafm tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp)<\/h3>\n<p data-start=\"907\" data-end=\"916\">\u0110\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m:<\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"917\" data-end=\"952\">\n<li data-start=\"917\" data-end=\"952\">\n<p data-start=\"919\" data-end=\"952\">\u1ea8m nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eadp n\u01b0\u1edbc li\u00ean t\u1ee5c<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-start=\"954\" data-end=\"963\">N\u00ean ch\u1ecdn:<\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"965\" data-end=\"1076\">\n<li data-start=\"965\" data-end=\"972\">\n<p data-start=\"967\" data-end=\"972\">R10<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"973\" data-end=\"1015\">\n<p data-start=\"975\" data-end=\"1015\">Porcelain matt ho\u1eb7c ceramic ch\u1ed1ng tr\u01a1n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"1016\" data-end=\"1035\">\n<p data-start=\"1018\" data-end=\"1035\">B\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t nh\u00e1m nh\u1eb9<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"1036\" data-end=\"1076\">\n<p data-start=\"1038\" data-end=\"1076\">T\u00f4ng m\u00e0u trung t\u00ednh (gi\u1ea3m l\u1ed9 c\u1eb7n n\u01b0\u1edbc)<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-start=\"1078\" data-end=\"1112\">\u26a0 Kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n R12 v\u00ec s\u1ebd kh\u00f3 v\u1ec7 sinh.<\/p>\n<h3 data-start=\"1119\" data-end=\"1135\">7.3. Ban c\u00f4ng<\/h3>\n<p data-start=\"1137\" data-end=\"1146\">\u0110\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m:<\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"1147\" data-end=\"1181\">\n<li data-start=\"1147\" data-end=\"1162\">\n<p data-start=\"1149\" data-end=\"1162\">Ch\u1ecbu m\u01b0a n\u1eafng<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"1163\" data-end=\"1181\">\n<p data-start=\"1165\" data-end=\"1181\">C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ecdng n\u01b0\u1edbc<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-start=\"1183\" data-end=\"1191\">Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u:<\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"1193\" data-end=\"1310\">\n<li data-start=\"1193\" data-end=\"1210\">\n<p data-start=\"1195\" data-end=\"1210\">T\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u R11<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"1211\" data-end=\"1251\">\n<p data-start=\"1213\" data-end=\"1251\">X\u01b0\u01a1ng porcelain (\u0111\u1ed9 h\u00fat n\u01b0\u1edbc \u2264 0.5%)<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"1252\" data-end=\"1268\">\n<p data-start=\"1254\" data-end=\"1268\">Kh\u00e1ng tia UV<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"1269\" data-end=\"1310\">\n<p data-start=\"1271\" data-end=\"1310\">M\u00e0u t\u1ed1i ho\u1eb7c trung t\u00ednh ch\u1ed1ng b\u00e1m b\u1ea9n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-start=\"1312\" data-end=\"1396\">\u26a0 N\u00ean c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1ed1c tho\u00e1t n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1ed1t \u2013 g\u1ea1ch ch\u1ed1ng tr\u01a1n kh\u00f4ng thay th\u1ebf thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf tho\u00e1t n\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/p>\n<h3 data-start=\"1403\" data-end=\"1421\">7.4. S\u00e2n th\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/h3>\n<p data-start=\"1423\" data-end=\"1432\">\u0110\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m:<\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"1433\" data-end=\"1476\">\n<li data-start=\"1433\" data-end=\"1442\">\n<p data-start=\"1435\" data-end=\"1442\">M\u01b0a l\u1edbn<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"1443\" data-end=\"1458\">\n<p data-start=\"1445\" data-end=\"1458\">\u00c1nh n\u1eafng m\u1ea1nh<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"1459\" data-end=\"1476\">\n<p data-start=\"1461\" data-end=\"1476\">Nguy c\u01a1 r\u00eau m\u1ed1c<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-start=\"1478\" data-end=\"1487\">B\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c:<\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"1489\" data-end=\"1579\">\n<li data-start=\"1489\" data-end=\"1502\">\n<p data-start=\"1491\" data-end=\"1502\">R11 \u2013 R12<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"1503\" data-end=\"1525\">\n<p data-start=\"1505\" data-end=\"1525\">Porcelain x\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u00e1<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"1526\" data-end=\"1546\">\n<p data-start=\"1528\" data-end=\"1546\">\u0110\u1ed9 h\u00fat n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ea5p<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"1547\" data-end=\"1579\">\n<p data-start=\"1549\" data-end=\"1579\">B\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t nh\u00e1m s\u00e2u h\u01a1n ban c\u00f4ng<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-start=\"1581\" data-end=\"1615\">\u26a0 Kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean d\u00f9ng ceramic x\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ecf.<\/p>\n<h3 data-start=\"1622\" data-end=\"1636\">7.5. H\u1ed3 b\u01a1i<\/h3>\n<p data-start=\"1638\" data-end=\"1668\">\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 khu v\u1ef1c nguy hi\u1ec3m nh\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"1670\" data-end=\"1678\">Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u:<\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"1680\" data-end=\"1844\">\n<li data-start=\"1680\" data-end=\"1693\">\n<p data-start=\"1682\" data-end=\"1693\">R12 \u2013 R13<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"1694\" data-end=\"1745\">\n<p data-start=\"1696\" data-end=\"1745\">Ho\u1eb7c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n ch\u1ed1ng tr\u01a1n khu v\u1ef1c \u01b0\u1edbt \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"1746\" data-end=\"1768\">\n<p data-start=\"1748\" data-end=\"1768\">Kh\u00e1ng h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t clo<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"1769\" data-end=\"1809\">\n<p data-start=\"1771\" data-end=\"1809\">B\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t nh\u00e1m cao nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng s\u1eafc c\u1ea1nh<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"1810\" data-end=\"1844\">\n<p data-start=\"1812\" data-end=\"1844\">N\u00ean c\u00f3 g\u1ea1ch chuy\u00ean d\u1ee5ng h\u1ed3 b\u01a1i<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-start=\"1846\" data-end=\"1906\">\u26a0 Kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i g\u1ea1ch R11 th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ee7 an to\u00e0n cho h\u1ed3 b\u01a1i.<\/p>\n<h3 data-start=\"1913\" data-end=\"1941\">7.6. Nh\u00e0 h\u00e0ng \u2013 kh\u00e1ch s\u1ea1n<\/h3>\n<p data-start=\"1943\" data-end=\"1952\">\u0110\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m:<\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"1953\" data-end=\"2023\">\n<li data-start=\"1953\" data-end=\"1972\">\n<p data-start=\"1955\" data-end=\"1972\">M\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111i l\u1ea1i cao<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"1973\" data-end=\"2001\">\n<p data-start=\"1975\" data-end=\"2001\">C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 d\u1ea7u m\u1ee1 (khu b\u1ebfp)<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"2002\" data-end=\"2023\">\n<p data-start=\"2004\" data-end=\"2023\">Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u th\u1ea9m m\u1ef9 cao<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-start=\"2025\" data-end=\"2029\">C\u1ea7n:<\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"2031\" data-end=\"2122\">\n<li data-start=\"2031\" data-end=\"2058\">\n<p data-start=\"2033\" data-end=\"2058\">R10 \u2013 R11 cho khu kh\u00e1ch<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"2059\" data-end=\"2078\">\n<p data-start=\"2061\" data-end=\"2078\">R12 cho khu b\u1ebfp<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"2079\" data-end=\"2095\">\n<p data-start=\"2081\" data-end=\"2095\">Good load-bearing<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"2096\" data-end=\"2110\">\n<p data-start=\"2098\" data-end=\"2110\">D\u1ec5 v\u1ec7 sinh<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"2111\" data-end=\"2122\">\n<p data-start=\"2113\" data-end=\"2122\">B\u1ec1n m\u00e0u<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-start=\"2124\" data-end=\"2189\">\u26a0 Khu b\u1ebfp c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p th\u01b0\u1eddng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n cao h\u01a1n khu s\u1ea3nh.<\/p>\n<h2 data-start=\"316\" data-end=\"368\">8. NH\u1eeeNG SAI L\u1ea6M PH\u1ed4 BI\u1ebeN KHI CH\u1eccN G\u1ea0CH CH\u1ed0NG TR\u01a0N<\/h2>\n<h3 data-start=\"375\" data-end=\"415\">8.1 Ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng g\u1ea1ch c\u00e0ng nh\u00e1m c\u00e0ng t\u1ed1t<\/h3>\n<p data-start=\"417\" data-end=\"436\">\u274c Sai l\u1ea7m ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"438\" data-end=\"446\">S\u1ef1 th\u1eadt:<\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"448\" data-end=\"604\">\n<li data-start=\"448\" data-end=\"551\">\n<p data-start=\"450\" data-end=\"495\">Nh\u00e1m qu\u00e1 cao (R12\u2013R13) trong khu d\u00e2n d\u1ee5ng s\u1ebd:<\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"498\" data-end=\"551\">\n<li data-start=\"498\" data-end=\"511\">\n<p data-start=\"500\" data-end=\"511\">Kh\u00f3 v\u1ec7 sinh<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"514\" data-end=\"527\">\n<p data-start=\"516\" data-end=\"527\">Gi\u1eef b\u1ee5i b\u1ea9n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"530\" data-end=\"551\">\n<p data-start=\"532\" data-end=\"551\">D\u1ec5 b\u00e1m c\u1eb7n x\u00e0 ph\u00f2ng<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"552\" data-end=\"604\">\n<p data-start=\"554\" data-end=\"604\">B\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t qu\u00e1 g\u1ed3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y kh\u00f3 ch\u1ecbu khi \u0111i ch\u00e2n tr\u1ea7n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-start=\"606\" data-end=\"704\">\ud83d\udc49 Nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc \u0111\u00fang:<br data-start=\"625\" data-end=\"628\" \/><strong data-start=\"628\" data-end=\"704\">Ch\u1ecdn m\u1ee9c nh\u00e1m ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi t\u1eebng khu v\u1ef1c, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i cao nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t.<\/strong><\/p>\n<h3 data-start=\"711\" data-end=\"734\">8.2 Ch\u1ecdn theo gi\u00e1 r\u1ebb<\/h3>\n<p data-start=\"736\" data-end=\"749\">\u274c R\u1ee7i ro cao.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"751\" data-end=\"769\">H\u1ec7 qu\u1ea3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u1eb7p:<\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"771\" data-end=\"886\">\n<li data-start=\"771\" data-end=\"805\">\n<p data-start=\"773\" data-end=\"805\">Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea1t ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n R ho\u1eb7c DCOF<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"806\" data-end=\"851\">\n<p data-start=\"808\" data-end=\"851\">B\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t nhanh m\u00f2n \u2192 gi\u1ea3m kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng tr\u01a1n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"852\" data-end=\"886\">\n<p data-start=\"854\" data-end=\"886\">H\u00fat n\u01b0\u1edbc cao \u2192 n\u1ee9t v\u1ee1 ngo\u00e0i tr\u1eddi<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-start=\"888\" data-end=\"947\">\ud83d\udc49 G\u1ea1ch ch\u1ed1ng tr\u01a1n l\u00e0 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 an to\u00e0n, kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean ch\u1ec9 so gi\u00e1.<\/p>\n<h3 data-start=\"954\" data-end=\"995\">8.3 D\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i g\u1ea1ch cho m\u1ecdi khu v\u1ef1c<\/h3>\n<p data-start=\"997\" data-end=\"1026\">\u274c Sai v\u1ec1 nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"1028\" data-end=\"1034\">V\u00ed d\u1ee5:<\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"1036\" data-end=\"1151\">\n<li data-start=\"1036\" data-end=\"1092\">\n<p data-start=\"1038\" data-end=\"1092\">G\u1ea1ch R10 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p nh\u00e0 t\u1eafm nh\u01b0ng ch\u01b0a \u0111\u1ee7 cho s\u00e2n th\u01b0\u1ee3ng.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"1093\" data-end=\"1151\">\n<p data-start=\"1095\" data-end=\"1151\">G\u1ea1ch R12 ngo\u00e0i tr\u1eddi l\u1ea1i qu\u00e1 nh\u00e1m cho ph\u00f2ng t\u1eafm gia \u0111\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-start=\"1153\" data-end=\"1171\">\ud83d\udc49 M\u1ed7i khu v\u1ef1c c\u00f3:<\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"1172\" data-end=\"1253\">\n<li data-start=\"1172\" data-end=\"1195\">\n<p data-start=\"1174\" data-end=\"1195\">M\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m kh\u00e1c nhau<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"1196\" data-end=\"1223\">\n<p data-start=\"1198\" data-end=\"1223\">M\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111i l\u1ea1i kh\u00e1c nhau<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"1224\" data-end=\"1253\">\n<p data-start=\"1226\" data-end=\"1253\">Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u1ec7 sinh kh\u00e1c nhau<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 data-start=\"1260\" data-end=\"1299\">8.4 Kh\u00f4ng ki\u1ec3m tra th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt<\/h3>\n<p data-start=\"1301\" data-end=\"1329\">\u274c Sai l\u1ea7m nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"1331\" data-end=\"1388\">Nhi\u1ec1u kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng ch\u1ec9 nghe \u201cch\u1ed1ng tr\u01a1n\u201d m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ki\u1ec3m tra:<\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"1390\" data-end=\"1450\">\n<li data-start=\"1390\" data-end=\"1414\">\n<p data-start=\"1392\" data-end=\"1414\">R-rating (R10, R11\u2026)<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"1415\" data-end=\"1430\">\n<p data-start=\"1417\" data-end=\"1430\">DCOF \u2265 0.42<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"1431\" data-end=\"1450\">\n<p data-start=\"1433\" data-end=\"1450\">Phi\u1ebfu ki\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-start=\"1452\" data-end=\"1513\">\ud83d\udc49 \u201cCh\u1ed1ng tr\u01a1n\u201d n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 marketing.<\/p>\n<h2 data-start=\"375\" data-end=\"421\">9. SO S\u00c1NH G\u1ea0CH CH\u1ed0NG TR\u01a0N V\u00c0 G\u1ea0CH B\u00d3NG K\u00cdNH<\/h2>\n<div class=\"TyagGW_tableContainer\">\n<div class=\"group TyagGW_tableWrapper flex flex-col-reverse w-fit\" tabindex=\"-1\">\n<table class=\"w-fit min-w-(--thread-content-width)\" data-start=\"423\" data-end=\"1057\">\n<thead data-start=\"423\" data-end=\"470\">\n<tr data-start=\"423\" data-end=\"470\">\n<th class=\"\" data-start=\"423\" data-end=\"434\" data-col-size=\"sm\">Ti\u00eau ch\u00ed<\/th>\n<th class=\"\" data-start=\"434\" data-end=\"452\" data-col-size=\"sm\">G\u1ea1ch ch\u1ed1ng tr\u01a1n<\/th>\n<th class=\"\" data-start=\"452\" data-end=\"470\" data-col-size=\"sm\">G\u1ea1ch b\u00f3ng k\u00ednh<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody data-start=\"520\" data-end=\"1057\">\n<tr data-start=\"520\" data-end=\"594\">\n<td data-start=\"520\" data-end=\"541\" data-col-size=\"sm\"><strong data-start=\"522\" data-end=\"540\">M\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 an to\u00e0n<\/strong><\/td>\n<td data-col-size=\"sm\" data-start=\"541\" data-end=\"578\">Cao (\u0111\u1ea1t R10\u2013R12 ho\u1eb7c DCOF \u2265 0.42)<\/td>\n<td data-col-size=\"sm\" data-start=\"578\" data-end=\"594\">Th\u1ea5p khi \u01b0\u1edbt<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr data-start=\"595\" data-end=\"636\">\n<td data-start=\"595\" data-end=\"619\" data-col-size=\"sm\"><strong data-start=\"597\" data-end=\"618\">\u0110\u1ed9 ma s\u00e1t khi kh\u00f4<\/strong><\/td>\n<td data-col-size=\"sm\" data-start=\"619\" data-end=\"629\">\u1ed4n \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/td>\n<td data-col-size=\"sm\" data-start=\"629\" data-end=\"636\">T\u1ed1t<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr data-start=\"637\" data-end=\"691\">\n<td data-start=\"637\" data-end=\"661\" data-col-size=\"sm\"><strong data-start=\"639\" data-end=\"660\">\u0110\u1ed9 ma s\u00e1t khi \u01b0\u1edbt<\/strong><\/td>\n<td data-col-size=\"sm\" data-start=\"661\" data-end=\"678\">V\u1eabn gi\u1eef \u0111\u1ed9 b\u00e1m<\/td>\n<td data-col-size=\"sm\" data-start=\"678\" data-end=\"691\">Gi\u1ea3m m\u1ea1nh<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr data-start=\"692\" data-end=\"757\">\n<td data-start=\"692\" data-end=\"706\" data-col-size=\"sm\"><strong data-start=\"694\" data-end=\"705\">Th\u1ea9m m\u1ef9<\/strong><\/td>\n<td data-col-size=\"sm\" data-start=\"706\" data-end=\"727\">T\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean, hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i<\/td>\n<td data-col-size=\"sm\" data-start=\"727\" data-end=\"757\">Sang tr\u1ecdng, ph\u1ea3n chi\u1ebfu cao<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr data-start=\"758\" data-end=\"819\">\n<td data-start=\"758\" data-end=\"786\" data-col-size=\"sm\"><strong data-start=\"760\" data-end=\"785\">C\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c \u0111i ch\u00e2n tr\u1ea7n<\/strong><\/td>\n<td data-col-size=\"sm\" data-start=\"786\" data-end=\"801\">\u00cam, b\u00e1m ch\u00e2n<\/td>\n<td data-col-size=\"sm\" data-start=\"801\" data-end=\"819\">Tr\u01a1n, d\u1ec5 tr\u01b0\u1ee3t<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr data-start=\"820\" data-end=\"864\">\n<td data-start=\"820\" data-end=\"842\" data-col-size=\"sm\"><strong data-start=\"822\" data-end=\"841\">Ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p nh\u00e0 t\u1eafm<\/strong><\/td>\n<td data-col-size=\"sm\" data-start=\"842\" data-end=\"849\">\u2714 C\u00f3<\/td>\n<td data-col-size=\"sm\" data-start=\"849\" data-end=\"864\">\u274c Kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr data-start=\"865\" data-end=\"948\">\n<td data-start=\"865\" data-end=\"891\" data-col-size=\"sm\"><strong data-start=\"867\" data-end=\"890\">Ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p ph\u00f2ng kh\u00e1ch<\/strong><\/td>\n<td data-col-size=\"sm\" data-start=\"891\" data-end=\"914\">\u2714 C\u00f3 (matt hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i)<\/td>\n<td data-col-size=\"sm\" data-start=\"914\" data-end=\"948\">\u2714 C\u00f3 (\u01b0a chu\u1ed9ng nh\u00e0 \u1edf cao c\u1ea5p)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr data-start=\"949\" data-end=\"1000\">\n<td data-start=\"949\" data-end=\"963\" data-col-size=\"sm\"><strong data-start=\"951\" data-end=\"962\">V\u1ec7 sinh<\/strong><\/td>\n<td data-col-size=\"sm\" data-start=\"963\" data-end=\"981\">D\u1ec5 n\u1ebfu nh\u00e1m v\u1eeba<\/td>\n<td data-col-size=\"sm\" data-start=\"981\" data-end=\"1000\">R\u1ea5t d\u1ec5 lau ch\u00f9i<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr data-start=\"1001\" data-end=\"1057\">\n<td data-start=\"1001\" data-end=\"1026\" data-col-size=\"sm\"><strong data-start=\"1003\" data-end=\"1025\">Khu v\u1ef1c ngo\u00e0i tr\u1eddi<\/strong><\/td>\n<td data-col-size=\"sm\" data-start=\"1026\" data-end=\"1038\">\u2714 Ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p<\/td>\n<td data-col-size=\"sm\" data-start=\"1038\" data-end=\"1057\">\u274c Kh\u00f4ng ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h3 data-start=\"1064\" data-end=\"1086\">Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch quan tr\u1ecdng<\/h3>\n<h4 data-start=\"1088\" data-end=\"1102\">1. An to\u00e0n<\/h4>\n<ul data-start=\"1104\" data-end=\"1246\">\n<li data-start=\"1104\" data-end=\"1167\">\n<p data-start=\"1106\" data-end=\"1167\">G\u1ea1ch ch\u1ed1ng tr\u01a1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf c\u00f3 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t t\u0103ng ma s\u00e1t.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"1168\" data-end=\"1246\">\n<p data-start=\"1170\" data-end=\"1246\">G\u1ea1ch b\u00f3ng k\u00ednh c\u00f3 b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t ph\u1eb3ng, h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 ma s\u00e1t gi\u1ea3m m\u1ea1nh khi c\u00f3 n\u01b0\u1edbc ho\u1eb7c d\u1ea7u.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4 data-start=\"1253\" data-end=\"1267\">2. Th\u1ea9m m\u1ef9<\/h4>\n<ul data-start=\"1269\" data-end=\"1409\">\n<li data-start=\"1269\" data-end=\"1332\">\n<p data-start=\"1271\" data-end=\"1332\">B\u00f3ng k\u00ednh t\u1ea1o hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng ph\u1ea3n chi\u1ebfu \u2192 kh\u00f4ng gian nh\u00ecn r\u1ed9ng h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"1333\" data-end=\"1409\">\n<p data-start=\"1335\" data-end=\"1409\">G\u1ea1ch ch\u1ed1ng tr\u01a1n (matt, xi m\u0103ng, v\u00e2n \u0111\u00e1) h\u1ee3p phong c\u00e1ch hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i, t\u1ed1i gi\u1ea3n.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4 data-start=\"1416\" data-end=\"1455\">3. Ph\u00f2ng kh\u00e1ch \u2013 n\u00ean ch\u1ecdn lo\u1ea1i n\u00e0o?<\/h4>\n<p data-start=\"1457\" data-end=\"1485\">C\u1ea3 hai \u0111\u1ec1u d\u00f9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, nh\u01b0ng:<\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"1487\" data-end=\"1591\">\n<li data-start=\"1487\" data-end=\"1546\">\n<p data-start=\"1489\" data-end=\"1546\">Nh\u00e0 c\u00f3 tr\u1ebb em \/ ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1edbn tu\u1ed5i \u2192 n\u00ean \u01b0u ti\u00ean matt R9\u2013R10.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"1547\" data-end=\"1591\">\n<p data-start=\"1549\" data-end=\"1591\">Nh\u00e0 \u00edt nguy c\u01a1 \u1ea9m \u2192 b\u00f3ng k\u00ednh v\u1eabn ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 data-start=\"1598\" data-end=\"1617\">K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt<\/h3>\n<p data-start=\"1619\" data-end=\"1705\">Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 lo\u1ea1i n\u00e0o \u201ct\u1ed1t h\u01a1n tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i\u201d.<br data-start=\"1657\" data-end=\"1660\" \/>Ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 lo\u1ea1i <strong data-start=\"1672\" data-end=\"1704\">ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"1707\" data-end=\"1784\">\n<li data-start=\"1707\" data-end=\"1739\">\n<p data-start=\"1709\" data-end=\"1739\">\u01afu ti\u00ean an to\u00e0n \u2192 Ch\u1ed1ng tr\u01a1n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"1740\" data-end=\"1784\">\n<p data-start=\"1742\" data-end=\"1784\">\u01afu ti\u00ean hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng th\u1ea9m m\u1ef9 cao \u2192 B\u00f3ng k\u00ednh<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2 data-start=\"360\" data-end=\"402\">10. KINH NGHI\u1ec6M THI C\u00d4NG G\u1ea0CH CH\u1ed0NG TR\u01a0N<\/h2>\n<p data-start=\"404\" data-end=\"462\">G\u1ea1ch ch\u1ed1ng tr\u01a1n t\u1ed1t nh\u01b0ng thi c\u00f4ng sai v\u1eabn g\u00e2y tr\u01a1n tr\u01b0\u1ee3t.<\/p>\n<h3><strong>1. T\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1ed1c tho\u00e1t n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00fang ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p data-start=\"517\" data-end=\"547\">\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"549\" data-end=\"561\">Khuy\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb:<\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"563\" data-end=\"632\">\n<li data-start=\"563\" data-end=\"600\">\n<p data-start=\"565\" data-end=\"600\">Nh\u00e0 t\u1eafm: d\u1ed1c 1\u20132% (1\u20132 cm tr\u00ean 1 m)<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"601\" data-end=\"632\">\n<p data-start=\"603\" data-end=\"632\">Ban c\u00f4ng \/ s\u00e2n th\u01b0\u1ee3ng: 1.5\u20132%<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-start=\"634\" data-end=\"654\">N\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1ed1c:<\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"656\" data-end=\"716\">\n<li data-start=\"656\" data-end=\"671\">\n<p data-start=\"658\" data-end=\"671\">N\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ecdng l\u00e2u<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"672\" data-end=\"689\">\n<p data-start=\"674\" data-end=\"689\">D\u1ec5 sinh r\u00eau m\u1ed1c<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"690\" data-end=\"716\">\n<p data-start=\"692\" data-end=\"716\">Gi\u1ea3m hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 ch\u1ed1ng tr\u01a1n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-start=\"718\" data-end=\"772\">\ud83d\udc49 G\u1ea1ch ch\u1ed1ng tr\u01a1n kh\u00f4ng thay th\u1ebf thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf tho\u00e1t n\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/p>\n<h3 data-start=\"779\" data-end=\"813\">2. Ch\u1ecdn keo d\u00e1n g\u1ea1ch ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p<\/h3>\n<p data-start=\"815\" data-end=\"865\">Kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean d\u00f9ng h\u1ed3 d\u1ea7u truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng cho khu \u1ea9m cao.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"867\" data-end=\"876\">N\u00ean d\u00f9ng:<\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"878\" data-end=\"952\">\n<li data-start=\"878\" data-end=\"904\">\n<p data-start=\"880\" data-end=\"904\">Keo d\u00e1n g\u1ea1ch chuy\u00ean d\u1ee5ng<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"905\" data-end=\"952\">\n<p data-start=\"907\" data-end=\"952\">Lo\u1ea1i ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p g\u1ea1ch porcelain (\u0111\u1ed9 b\u00e1m d\u00ednh cao)<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-start=\"954\" data-end=\"960\">L\u00fd do:<\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"962\" data-end=\"1030\">\n<li data-start=\"962\" data-end=\"1004\">\n<p data-start=\"964\" data-end=\"1004\">Porcelain h\u00fat n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ea5p \u2192 h\u1ed3 d\u1ea7u b\u00e1m k\u00e9m<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"1005\" data-end=\"1030\">\n<p data-start=\"1007\" data-end=\"1030\">D\u1ec5 bong tr\u00f3c ngo\u00e0i tr\u1eddi<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 data-start=\"1037\" data-end=\"1064\">3. Ch\u00e0 ron ch\u1ed1ng th\u1ea5m<\/h3>\n<p data-start=\"1066\" data-end=\"1091\">Ron kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ea9m m\u1ef9.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"1093\" data-end=\"1097\">N\u00ean:<\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"1099\" data-end=\"1178\">\n<li data-start=\"1099\" data-end=\"1128\">\n<p data-start=\"1101\" data-end=\"1128\">D\u00f9ng keo ch\u00e0 ron ch\u1ed1ng th\u1ea5m<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"1129\" data-end=\"1178\">\n<p data-start=\"1131\" data-end=\"1178\">Ho\u1eb7c ron epoxy cho khu \u1ea9m cao (nh\u00e0 t\u1eafm, h\u1ed3 b\u01a1i)<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-start=\"1180\" data-end=\"1192\">N\u1ebfu ron k\u00e9m:<\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"1194\" data-end=\"1236\">\n<li data-start=\"1194\" data-end=\"1215\">\n<p data-start=\"1196\" data-end=\"1215\">Th\u1ea5m n\u01b0\u1edbc xu\u1ed1ng n\u1ec1n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"1216\" data-end=\"1227\">\n<p data-start=\"1218\" data-end=\"1227\">Bong g\u1ea1ch<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"1228\" data-end=\"1236\">\n<p data-start=\"1230\" data-end=\"1236\">\u1ed0 v\u00e0ng<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 data-start=\"1243\" data-end=\"1279\">4. Ki\u1ec3m tra \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u1eb3ng v\u00e0 cao \u0111\u1ed9<\/h3>\n<p data-start=\"1281\" data-end=\"1294\">M\u1eb7t s\u00e0n ph\u1ea3i:<\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"1296\" data-end=\"1350\">\n<li data-start=\"1296\" data-end=\"1313\">\n<p data-start=\"1298\" data-end=\"1313\">Ph\u1eb3ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"1314\" data-end=\"1329\">\n<p data-start=\"1316\" data-end=\"1329\">Kh\u00f4ng l\u1ed3i l\u00f5m<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"1330\" data-end=\"1350\">\n<p data-start=\"1332\" data-end=\"1350\">Kh\u00f4ng t\u1ea1o \u201c\u1ed5 n\u01b0\u1edbc\u201d<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-start=\"1352\" data-end=\"1367\">L\u1ed7i th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p:<\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"1369\" data-end=\"1424\">\n<li data-start=\"1369\" data-end=\"1386\">\n<p data-start=\"1371\" data-end=\"1386\">L\u00e1t l\u1ec7ch cao \u0111\u1ed9<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"1387\" data-end=\"1424\">\n<p data-start=\"1389\" data-end=\"1424\">M\u00e9p g\u1ea1ch cao h\u01a1n m\u1eb7t g\u1ea1ch (g\u00e2y v\u1ea5p)<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 data-start=\"1469\" data-end=\"1512\">5. X\u1eed l\u00fd ch\u1ed1ng th\u1ea5m n\u1ec1n tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi l\u00e1t<\/h3>\n<p data-start=\"1514\" data-end=\"1527\">\u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t v\u1edbi:<\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"1529\" data-end=\"1562\">\n<li data-start=\"1529\" data-end=\"1538\">\n<p data-start=\"1531\" data-end=\"1538\">Nh\u00e0 t\u1eafm<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"1539\" data-end=\"1549\">\n<p data-start=\"1541\" data-end=\"1549\">Ban c\u00f4ng<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"1550\" data-end=\"1562\">\n<p data-start=\"1552\" data-end=\"1562\">S\u00e2n th\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-start=\"1564\" data-end=\"1618\">Ch\u1ed1ng th\u1ea5m ph\u1ea3i ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 test n\u01b0\u1edbc tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi l\u00e1t.<\/p>\n<h3 data-start=\"1625\" data-end=\"1654\">6. V\u1ec7 sinh sau thi c\u00f4ng<\/h3>\n<p data-start=\"1656\" data-end=\"1687\">G\u1ea1ch nh\u00e1m n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng v\u1ec7 sinh k\u1ef9:<\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"1689\" data-end=\"1742\">\n<li data-start=\"1689\" data-end=\"1702\">\n<p data-start=\"1691\" data-end=\"1702\">B\u00e1m xi m\u0103ng<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"1703\" data-end=\"1716\">\n<p data-start=\"1705\" data-end=\"1716\">B\u00e1m b\u1ee5i m\u1ecbn<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"1717\" data-end=\"1742\">\n<p data-start=\"1719\" data-end=\"1742\">Nh\u00ecn nh\u01b0 b\u1ecb \u201cm\u1ed1c tr\u1eafng\u201d<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><strong>11. C\u00c1CH V\u1ec6 SINH V\u00c0 B\u1ea2O D\u01af\u1ee0NG G\u1ea0CH CH\u1ed0NG TR\u01a0N<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p data-start=\"385\" data-end=\"469\">G\u1ea1ch ch\u1ed1ng tr\u01a1n c\u00f3 b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t nh\u00e1m \u2192 n\u1ebfu v\u1ec7 sinh sai c\u00e1ch s\u1ebd d\u1ec5 b\u00e1m c\u1eb7n v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m th\u1ea9m m\u1ef9.<\/p>\n<h3 data-start=\"476\" data-end=\"505\">1. Lau kh\u00f4 th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean<\/h3>\n<p data-start=\"507\" data-end=\"520\">\u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t v\u1edbi:<\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"522\" data-end=\"561\">\n<li data-start=\"522\" data-end=\"533\">\n<p data-start=\"524\" data-end=\"533\">Nh\u00e0 t\u1eafm<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"534\" data-end=\"546\">\n<p data-start=\"536\" data-end=\"546\">Ban c\u00f4ng<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"547\" data-end=\"561\">\n<p data-start=\"549\" data-end=\"561\">S\u00e2n th\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-start=\"563\" data-end=\"569\">L\u00fd do:<\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"571\" data-end=\"651\">\n<li data-start=\"571\" data-end=\"601\">\n<p data-start=\"573\" data-end=\"601\">H\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ecdng n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e2u ng\u00e0y<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"602\" data-end=\"618\">\n<p data-start=\"604\" data-end=\"618\">Gi\u1ea3m r\u00eau m\u1ed1c<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"619\" data-end=\"651\">\n<p data-start=\"621\" data-end=\"651\">Gi\u1ea3m c\u1eb7n x\u00e0 ph\u00f2ng b\u00e1m b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-start=\"653\" data-end=\"720\">\ud83d\udc49 N\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ecdng l\u00e2u kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m g\u1ea1ch tr\u01a1n h\u01a1n, nh\u01b0ng t\u1ea1o r\u00eau \u2192 g\u00e2y tr\u01a1n.<\/p>\n<h3 data-start=\"727\" data-end=\"777\">2. D\u00f9ng dung d\u1ecbch t\u1ea9y r\u1eeda trung t\u00ednh (pH ~7)<\/h3>\n<p data-start=\"779\" data-end=\"791\">Khuy\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb:<\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"793\" data-end=\"865\">\n<li data-start=\"793\" data-end=\"820\">\n<p data-start=\"795\" data-end=\"820\">N\u01b0\u1edbc lau s\u00e0n trung t\u00ednh<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"821\" data-end=\"865\">\n<p data-start=\"823\" data-end=\"865\">Dung d\u1ecbch chuy\u00ean d\u00f9ng cho g\u1ea1ch porcelain<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-start=\"867\" data-end=\"870\">V\u00ec:<\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"872\" data-end=\"931\">\n<li data-start=\"872\" data-end=\"900\">\n<p data-start=\"874\" data-end=\"900\">Kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m m\u00f2n b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t men<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"901\" data-end=\"931\">\n<p data-start=\"903\" data-end=\"931\">Kh\u00f4ng ph\u00e1 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac vi nh\u00e1m<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 data-start=\"938\" data-end=\"971\">\u00a03. Kh\u00f4ng d\u00f9ng h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t m\u1ea1nh<\/h3>\n<p data-start=\"973\" data-end=\"979\">Tr\u00e1nh:<\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"981\" data-end=\"1061\">\n<li data-start=\"981\" data-end=\"997\">\n<p data-start=\"983\" data-end=\"997\">Axit \u0111\u1eadm \u0111\u1eb7c<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"998\" data-end=\"1026\">\n<p data-start=\"1000\" data-end=\"1026\">Ch\u1ea5t t\u1ea9y clo n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 cao<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"1027\" data-end=\"1061\">\n<p data-start=\"1029\" data-end=\"1061\">N\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1ea9y xi m\u0103ng d\u00f9ng sai c\u00e1ch<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-start=\"1063\" data-end=\"1071\">T\u00e1c h\u1ea1i:<\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"1073\" data-end=\"1128\">\n<li data-start=\"1073\" data-end=\"1088\">\n<p data-start=\"1075\" data-end=\"1088\">M\u00f2n l\u1edbp men<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"1089\" data-end=\"1111\">\n<p data-start=\"1091\" data-end=\"1111\">Gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u00e1m vi m\u00f4<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"1112\" data-end=\"1128\">\n<p data-start=\"1114\" data-end=\"1128\">\u1ed0 m\u00e0u b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 data-start=\"1135\" data-end=\"1163\">4. V\u1ec7 sinh ron \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3<\/h3>\n<h3 data-start=\"1165\" data-end=\"1179\">Ron l\u00e0 n\u01a1i d\u1ec5:<\/h3>\n<ul data-start=\"1181\" data-end=\"1226\">\n<li data-start=\"1181\" data-end=\"1192\">\n<p data-start=\"1183\" data-end=\"1192\">B\u00e1m b\u1ea9n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"1193\" data-end=\"1212\">\n<p data-start=\"1195\" data-end=\"1212\">T\u00edch t\u1ee5 n\u1ea5m m\u1ed1c<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"1213\" data-end=\"1226\">\n<p data-start=\"1215\" data-end=\"1226\">Th\u1ea5m n\u01b0\u1edbc<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-start=\"1228\" data-end=\"1232\">N\u00ean:<\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"1234\" data-end=\"1308\">\n<li data-start=\"1234\" data-end=\"1252\">\n<p data-start=\"1236\" data-end=\"1252\">C\u1ecd ron \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"1253\" data-end=\"1308\">\n<p data-start=\"1255\" data-end=\"1308\">D\u00f9ng keo ch\u00e0 ron ch\u1ed1ng th\u1ea5m ho\u1eb7c epoxy \u1edf khu \u1ea9m cao<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 data-start=\"1353\" data-end=\"1409\">5. V\u1ec7 sinh s\u00e2u \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3 v\u1edbi g\u1ea1ch nh\u00e1m cao (R11\u2013R12)<\/h3>\n<p data-start=\"1411\" data-end=\"1429\">G\u1ea1ch nh\u00e1m h\u1ea1t c\u1ea7n:<\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"1431\" data-end=\"1490\">\n<li data-start=\"1431\" data-end=\"1452\">\n<p data-start=\"1433\" data-end=\"1452\">D\u00f9ng b\u00e0n ch\u1ea3i m\u1ec1m<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"1453\" data-end=\"1475\">\n<p data-start=\"1455\" data-end=\"1475\">Ch\u00e0 theo v\u00f2ng tr\u00f2n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"1476\" data-end=\"1490\">\n<p data-start=\"1478\" data-end=\"1490\">X\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc k\u1ef9<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-start=\"1492\" data-end=\"1532\">V\u00ec b\u1ee5i m\u1ecbn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u1eb1m trong vi c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac.<\/p>\n<h3 data-start=\"1539\" data-end=\"1569\">6. Tr\u00e1nh ph\u1ee7 b\u00f3ng b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t<\/h3>\n<p data-start=\"1571\" data-end=\"1581\">Kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean:<\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"1583\" data-end=\"1640\">\n<li data-start=\"1583\" data-end=\"1608\">\n<p data-start=\"1585\" data-end=\"1608\">Ph\u1ee7 h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t t\u1ea1o b\u00f3ng<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"1609\" data-end=\"1640\">\n<p data-start=\"1611\" data-end=\"1640\">Ph\u1ee7 s\u00e1p l\u00ean g\u1ea1ch ch\u1ed1ng tr\u01a1n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-start=\"1642\" data-end=\"1648\">V\u00ec s\u1ebd:<\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"1650\" data-end=\"1703\">\n<li data-start=\"1650\" data-end=\"1675\">\n<p data-start=\"1652\" data-end=\"1675\">L\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 ma s\u00e1t<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"1676\" data-end=\"1703\">\n<p data-start=\"1678\" data-end=\"1703\">M\u1ea5t t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng ch\u1ed1ng tr\u01a1n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>12. Xu h\u01b0\u1edbng g\u1ea1ch ch\u1ed1ng tr\u01a1n 2026<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>V\u00e2n xi m\u0103ng t\u1ed1i gi\u1ea3n<\/li>\n<li>G\u1ea1ch kh\u1ed5 l\u1edbn ch\u1ed1ng tr\u01a1n<\/li>\n<li>T\u00f4ng m\u00e0u trung t\u00ednh<\/li>\n<li>B\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t sugar effect<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><strong>13. C\u00e2u h\u1ecfi th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p v\u1ec1 g\u1ea1ch ch\u1ed1ng tr\u01a1n<\/strong><\/h2>\n<h3>G\u1ea1ch ch\u1ed1ng tr\u01a1n c\u00f3 kh\u00f3 v\u1ec7 sinh kh\u00f4ng?<\/h3>\n<p>Kh\u00f4ng, n\u1ebfu ch\u1ecdn \u0111\u00fang lo\u1ea1i nh\u00e1m v\u1eeba ph\u1ea3i.<\/p>\n<h3>G\u1ea1ch c\u00e0ng nh\u00e1m c\u00f3 c\u00e0ng an to\u00e0n?<\/h3>\n<p>Kh\u00f4ng, c\u1ea7n c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng gi\u1eefa an to\u00e0n v\u00e0 v\u1ec7 sinh.<\/p>\n<h3>C\u00f3 n\u00ean d\u00f9ng g\u1ea1ch b\u00f3ng trong nh\u00e0 t\u1eafm?<\/h3>\n<p>Kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean.<\/p>\n<h2>14. V\u00ec sao n\u00ean ch\u1ecdn g\u1ea1ch ch\u1ed1ng tr\u01a1n t\u1ea1i CMC Tiles?<\/h2>\n<p>CMC Tiles cam k\u1ebft:<\/p>\n<p>\u2714 S\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u1ea1t ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng<br \/>\n\u2714 Ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c minh b\u1ea1ch<br \/>\n\u2714 T\u01b0 v\u1ea5n chuy\u00ean s\u00e2u t\u1eebng kh\u00f4ng gian<br \/>\n\u2714 Gi\u00e1 th\u00e0nh c\u1ea1nh tranh<\/p>\n<p>N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n \u0111ang t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm <strong data-start=\"6461\" data-end=\"6542\">g\u1ea1ch ch\u1ed1ng tr\u01a1n ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cao, thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i v\u00e0 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p nhi\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng gian<\/strong>, c\u00e1c d\u00f2ng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m t\u1eeb\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/gachoplatCMC\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\"><strong data-start=\"6565\" data-end=\"6584\">CMC Tiles<\/strong><\/a>\u00a0ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady. Li\u00ean h\u1ec7 G\u1ea1ch \u1ed1p l\u00e1t CMC ngay h\u00f4m nay \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u01b0 v\u1ea5n chi ti\u1ebft, xem m\u1eabu g\u1ea1ch ch\u1ed1ng tr\u01a1n th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf v\u00e0 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p nh\u1ea5t cho ph\u00f2ng t\u1eafm c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Trong thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v\u00e0 ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i, y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 an to\u00e0n \u2013 b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng \u2013 th\u1ea9m m\u1ef9 lu\u00f4n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t l\u00ean h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u. \u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc, \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m cao ho\u1eb7c m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng ngo\u00e0i tr\u1eddi nh\u01b0 nh\u00e0 t\u1eafm, nh\u00e0 v\u1ec7 sinh, ban c\u00f4ng, s\u00e2n [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":8,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[16],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-35851","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-blog"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/cmctiles.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/35851","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/cmctiles.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/cmctiles.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cmctiles.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/8"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cmctiles.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=35851"}],"version-history":[{"count":7,"href":"https:\/\/cmctiles.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/35851\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":35923,"href":"https:\/\/cmctiles.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/35851\/revisions\/35923"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/cmctiles.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=35851"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cmctiles.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=35851"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cmctiles.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=35851"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}